Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Foreign Policy towards
HRE and United Provinces
- United Provinces
- England and United Provinces had
anti-Spanish interests in common
- Religious and
cultural bonds
- Reluctant to make peace with Spain and felt
betrayed by England that they had made peace
- Twelve Years Truce achieved in 1609
- James sold the "cautionary towns" back to the Dutch for £215,000 in 1616
- Cleves-Julich Dispute
- 1609 - James intervened in the Holy
Roman Empire on the vacancy in the
duchies of Cleves, Julich and Berg
- Offered access to
United Provinces
- Duke William of Cleves' succession produced
a dispute that threatened to divide Europe
- France and England keen to keep
the duchies in Protestant hands
- Spain and the Empire
wanted a Catholic candidate
- James emerged as champion
when peace was secured in 1614
- Protestant Marriage, 1613
- The marriage of his daughter Elizabeth to the
Elector Frederick of the Palatinate showed
sympathy for the German Protestant Union
- Hoped to balance this with a
Catholic marriage for his son
- Work in the Cleves-Julich crises
and the Protestant marriage met
with the approval of the Puritans
- Appeared that after the death of Henry IV in 1610,
James was not likely to wield the Protestant sword
- Caused problems as it raised Puritans hopes
- Bohemia and the Palatinate Question
- May 1618 - Defenestration of Prague began Thirty Years War
- Bohemian Protestant minority elected Frederick of the Palatinate
over Archduke Ferdinand over fears of Catholic extremeism
- James expected to support Frederick when the Hasburgs went to war against him
- James did not approve of Frederick
accepting the Bohemian throne
- His sensitivities to his financial problems, his
love of peace, quest for stability, and his hatred
of rebellion, made him cautious of intervention
- This put James in a difficult position as he had accepted the
Spanish suggestion to act as a mediator in the Bohemian question
- Worked for James as he
wanted Charles to marry the
Spanish infanta
- Spanish invasion of the
palatinate had unleashed...
- Strong anti-catholic feelings
- Hostility to the power of Hasburgs
- Hatred of Spain and the perceived influence of Gondomar