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Physics Topic 5 -
Generation and
Transmission of Electricity
- Renewable and
Non-renewable Resources
- Renewable Resources
- Hydroelectricity, Wind
Turbines, Tidal Power, Solar
Energy, Wave Power and
Geothermal Energy are all
types of renewable energy.
- Hydroelectricity is
generated by falling
water in places
where water can be
trapped in high
reservoirs.
- Tidal power can generate electricity when
turbines in a huge barrage (dam) across a
river estuary turn as the tides flow in a out.
- The difference between Wave and Tidal Power is that wave
power can generate electricity when floating electrical
generators move up and down.
- The difference between Wave and Tidal Power is that wave
power can generate electricity when floating electrical
generators move up and down.
- Hydroelectricity is
generated by falling
water in places
where water can be
trapped in high
reservoirs.
- Renewable Resources
means that it will not
run out.
- Electricity is a flow of charged particles.
The voltage gives a measure of the
amount of energy transferred by the
charges to an electric component
- We use electricity for many
things, and it all has to be
generated using other forms of
energy.
- We use electricity for many
things, and it all has to be
generated using other forms of
energy.
- The Current is the rate of
charge flowing.
- The
Voltage is
an
'electrical
pressure'.
- The
Voltage is
an
'electrical
pressure'.
- Hydroelectricity, Wind
Turbines, Tidal Power, Solar
Energy, Wave Power and
Geothermal Energy are all
types of renewable energy.
- Non-renewable Resources
- Non-renewable Resources means
that the resources cannot be replaced
once they have been used and they
will eventually run out.
- Nuclear Power stations needs to be
carefully decommissioned at the end
of its life, so no radioactive materials
escape into the environment.
- Which is very expensive.
- Which is very expensive.
- Nuclear Power stations needs to be
carefully decommissioned at the end
of its life, so no radioactive materials
escape into the environment.
- Coal has an estimated 164
years left before it runs out.
- Gas has an estimated 67
years left before it runs out.
- Oil has an estimated 41
years left before it runs out.
- Uranium has an estimated 265
years left before it runs out.
- Uranium has an estimated 265
years left before it runs out.
- Oil has an estimated 41
years left before it runs out.
- Gas has an estimated 67
years left before it runs out.
- Fossil-fuelled power stations produce
waste gases, which can cause
problems. For example, Carbon Dioxide
emissions contribute to climate change.
- Gases such as Sulfur
Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides
can cause acid rain.
- Gases such as Sulfur
Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides
can cause acid rain.
- Not all fossil fuels
cause the same
amount of pollution.
- Natural gas is 'cleaner'
than coal because it
contains less nitrogen and
does not contain sulfur.
- Natural gas power stations
also emit less carbon dioxide
than other power stations
producing the same amount of
electricity.
- Natural gas is 'cleaner'
than coal because it
contains less nitrogen and
does not contain sulfur.
- Non-renewable Resources means
that the resources cannot be replaced
once they have been used and they
will eventually run out.
- Renewable Resources
- Power
- Investigating Generators
- If you move a magnet into
a coil of wire, a voltage is
included in the wire.
- If the wire is part of a
complete circuit, the
voltage will cause a
current to flow in the circuit.
- If the wire is part of a
complete circuit, the
voltage will cause a
current to flow in the circuit.
- This process is called electromagnetic
induction, and the current is produced
is called an induced current.
- If you move a magnet into
a coil of wire, a voltage is
included in the wire.
- Power Consumption
- We use a lot of
power a day, for
example when we
have a shower or
putting the kettle on.
- Power is
measured in
Watts.
- Power (W) = Current (A) x Voltage (V).
- We use a lot of
power a day, for
example when we
have a shower or
putting the kettle on.
- Investigating Generators
- Energy
- Generating Energy
- If you move a piece of
wire in a magnetic field,
an electric current will flow
in the wire.
- This process is
called
Electromagnetic
Induction, and a
current produced
in this way is an
Induced Current.
- This process is
called
Electromagnetic
Induction, and a
current produced
in this way is an
Induced Current.
- Some bikes have dynamo's attached
to the wheels and when the wheels
spins it turns the dynamo, which
produces electricity, which powers
the lights.
- If you move a piece of
wire in a magnetic field,
an electric current will flow
in the wire.
- Paying for Electricity
- The unit of
measurement
for energy is
the 'Joule' (J).
The amount of
energy that is
used by a
working
appliance
each second
is known as its
power.
- The unit of measurement for power
is joule per second or watt (W).
(1W = 1J/s)
- (1 kW = 1000 W)
- (1 kW = 1000 W)
- The unit of measurement for power
is joule per second or watt (W).
(1W = 1J/s)
- You can work out
the cost of electricity
using this formula.
- cost (p) = power (kilowatt,kW) x time (hour, h) x cost of 1 kWh (p/kWh)
- cost (p) = power (kilowatt,kW) x time (hour, h) x cost of 1 kWh (p/kWh)
- Power (watt, W) =
energy used (joule, J)
-------------------------
time (second, s)
- P = E
------
T
- P = E
------
T
- The unit of
measurement
for energy is
the 'Joule' (J).
The amount of
energy that is
used by a
working
appliance
each second
is known as its
power.
- Transmitting Electricity
- Electricity is sent from power
stations to homes, schools and
factories by a system of wires and
cables called the National Grid.
- The power comes from the Power
Station into a step up transformer
(this helps to stops the energy
being wasted as heat in the
transmission lines).
- The energy travels through
the transmission lines into a
step down transformer, so it
is ready for the factories.
- The energy then goes through another
step down transformer, so it is ready for
houses, shops and offices.
- The energy then goes through another
step down transformer, so it is ready for
houses, shops and offices.
- The energy travels through
the transmission lines into a
step down transformer, so it
is ready for the factories.
- Voltage (primary) = Turns (primary)
__________________________________
Voltage (secondary) = Turns (secondary)
- V (p) = N (p)
________________
V (s) = N (s)
- V (p) = N (p)
________________
V (s) = N (s)
- Electricity is sent from power
stations to homes, schools and
factories by a system of wires and
cables called the National Grid.
- Generating Energy
- Reducing Energy
- There are loads of things you can do to
reduce you energy.
- Solar Panels, Loft Insulation,
Double-glazing, Cavity-wall
Insulation, Insulation on Hot-wat
Tanks and Draughtproofing.
- Solar Panels, Loft Insulation,
Double-glazing, Cavity-wall
Insulation, Insulation on Hot-wat
Tanks and Draughtproofing.
- The lenght of
time it takes
you to save
the amount of
money it
costs to buy
the item is
Payback
Time.
- Payback Time = Cost
------------------
Savings per year
- Payback Time = Cost
------------------
Savings per year
- There are loads of things you can do to
reduce you energy.
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