4679361
WWII 1942-1945
- Asian Consciousness
- Asia for Asians
- means that local leaders under
Japanese guidance would rule
their own countries
- Japan as the leader of Asia;
Japanese culture as apex of
Asian culture
- Japan as the leader of Asia;
Japanese culture as apex of
Asian culture
- Emphasis on racial euality
- means that local leaders under
Japanese guidance would rule
their own countries
- Contradicted in reality by
Japanese policy of "divide and
rule" policy
- It basically means that you divide the population
into manageable chunks and that makes it
impossible for them to come together and fight
against the sovereign authority.
- Divided into races
- Chinese community: The Sook Ching operation and the $50 million
gift from the Chinese community to Japanese war efforts in various
parts of the world
- Sook Ching
- Chinese men from the age of 18 to 50 were told to report
to interrogation centres across the island to be inspected
of whether they had anti-Japanese sentiments.
- Informants wearing
masks/bags over their
heads would point out who
were anti-Japanese to the
Japanese officers. Those
who were pointed out were
gunned down at beaches
eg: Changi. Those who were
not identified as
anti-Japanese would be
allowed to go home
- Kempeitai/ military police would also
arrest those suspected of being
anti-Japanese
- Kempetai
- used arbitrary and random use of
violence and force to enforce
compliance and obedience
- instilled lots of fear in the locals as minor crimes they
committed could result in them being severely
punished.
- Living In Hardship
- Japanese occupation had disrupted trade,
which limited the import of goods into
Singapore
- Japan also used most of their available resources for
Japan's war efforts overseas, rather than the locals in
Singapore
- This led to a shortage of food, by which the Japanese introduced
food rationing systems to solve the issue
- Each household would be given a Peace Living
Certificate which entitled each household to a ration
card which allowed them to obtain rations from
distribution centres. Rations were small and this often led to malnutrition.
- This shortage of food also gave rise to the emergence of
black markets, where food were sold at high prices
illegally. Many of the people could not afford the food sold
there.
- The Japanese also printed an unlimited amount of banana
notes without serial numbers, which caused inflation in the
price of food items and the value of the money to decrease
- This prompted many who were not in the workforce before war to join the
workforce as a way to earn more money
- This prompted many who were not in the workforce before war to join the
workforce as a way to earn more money
- The Japanese also printed an unlimited amount of banana
notes without serial numbers, which caused inflation in the
price of food items and the value of the money to decrease
- This shortage of food also gave rise to the emergence of
black markets, where food were sold at high prices
illegally. Many of the people could not afford the food sold
there.
- Each household would be given a Peace Living
Certificate which entitled each household to a ration
card which allowed them to obtain rations from
distribution centres. Rations were small and this often led to malnutrition.
- This led to a shortage of food, by which the Japanese introduced
food rationing systems to solve the issue
- Japan also used most of their available resources for
Japan's war efforts overseas, rather than the locals in
Singapore
- Because of the fact that life under the Japanese were
hard, there was a rise of anti-Japanese elements in
society. Some of the people came together and formed
groups which participated in anti-Japanese activities
- Force 136
- Formed by the British cabinet in 1940
- concentrated efforts in Malaya by collecting
information about the Japanese and organised
attacks when possible
- concentrated efforts in Malaya by collecting
information about the Japanese and organised
attacks when possible
- Formed by the British cabinet in 1940
- Malayan People's Anti-Japanese Army
- led by Lai Teck, senior communist
leader from Vietnam
- Right-hand man: Chin Peng- Malayan Chinese from Perak
- Carried out surprise attacks on
Japanese policemen, soldiers and
people who worked with the
Japanese in the jungles of Johor and
Perak, where they mostly operated.
- Carried out surprise attacks on
Japanese policemen, soldiers and
people who worked with the
Japanese in the jungles of Johor and
Perak, where they mostly operated.
- Right-hand man: Chin Peng- Malayan Chinese from Perak
- led by Lai Teck, senior communist
leader from Vietnam
- Force 136
- Japanese occupation had disrupted trade,
which limited the import of goods into
Singapore
- Living In Hardship
- instilled lots of fear in the locals as minor crimes they
committed could result in them being severely
punished.
- used arbitrary and random use of
violence and force to enforce
compliance and obedience
- Kempetai
- Kempeitai/ military police would also
arrest those suspected of being
anti-Japanese
- Informants wearing
masks/bags over their
heads would point out who
were anti-Japanese to the
Japanese officers. Those
who were pointed out were
gunned down at beaches
eg: Changi. Those who were
not identified as
anti-Japanese would be
allowed to go home
- Chinese men from the age of 18 to 50 were told to report
to interrogation centres across the island to be inspected
of whether they had anti-Japanese sentiments.
- Sook Ching
- Malay community: Provided opportunities in education and in
the administration of Singapore; encouraged to be involved in
defence and administration of Singapore
- Indian community: Appeal to Indians to join the
Indian National Army (INA) offering the
prospect of independence for India, a British
colong
- Eurasian community: Many were interned and
most seen as British supporters. Some were
enticed to resettle in communities in Malaya
- Chinese community: The Sook Ching operation and the $50 million
gift from the Chinese community to Japanese war efforts in various
parts of the world
- Divided into races
- It basically means that you divide the population
into manageable chunks and that makes it
impossible for them to come together and fight
against the sovereign authority.
- actively promoted Japanese culture.
spread idea that Asians were just as
good as Europeans
- Had to sing Japanese National Anthem
Kimigayo in the direction of Japan
- Learn Japanese in
place of English
- Take part in activities
such as mass
drills/taisho
- Propaganda
- Newspapers: Straits Times
renamed as Nippon Sinbun
- Controlled broadcasts on radio as well as
movies screened in cinemas
- Newspapers: Straits Times
renamed as Nippon Sinbun
- Dispel myth of "white man superiority"
- got the Australians, British and
Europeans to intern (confined as a
prisoner for political/military reasons)
- ordered Allied POWs to do menial tasks and some were
sent to Death Railway in Thailand and Burma
(Myammar) where many died due to harsh living
conditions and infectious diseases
- got the Australians, British and
Europeans to intern (confined as a
prisoner for political/military reasons)
- Had to sing Japanese National Anthem
Kimigayo in the direction of Japan
- Asia for Asians
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