Relative Clauses

Defining (identifying)
1. We CAN'T erase the relative clause
  1. It's the job which I would like to have
  2. It's the job
2. NO commas
3. Relative pronoun + preposition
  1. M Barry is the man to whom I sent the letter (Formal)
  2. M Barry is the man I sent the letter to (Standard)
4. We can erase the relative pronoun when it refers to the Direct Object
  1. She's the woman who I saw.
  2. She's the woman I saw
5. Relative pronouns
  1. Subject
    1. People (who/that): She's the woman who (that) reads the news on TV
    2. Animals and things (which/that): That's the kind of dog which (that) makes a good pet
  2. 1. People (who/that): She's the woman who I saw on TV
      1. to/ for/ whith whom: to whom it may concern...
    2. Animals and things (which/that): This is the house which we live in
  3. 1. People, animals and things (whose): She's the woman whose car was stolen
Non defining (non-identifying)
1. They give extra information, so we CAN erase the relative clause
  1. Jane, who I bought my car, has gone to the States
  2. Jane has gone to the States
2. We can't erase the relative pronoun
  1. The summer here, which I don't like, lasts for months
  2. The summer here, I don't like, lasts for months
3. We use COMMAS
4. Relative Pronouns
  1. 1. Person (who): His wife, who is French, speaks 3 languages
    2. Animals/Things (which): The PCs, which have been on sales, proved to be fantastic
  2. 1. Person (who/whom): His wife, who I met in Paris, is brilliant
    2. Animals/things (which): The book, which I finished yesterday, is ok
  3. 1. Person/Animals/Things (whose): His wife, whose car was stolen, is very nice
relative adverbs
1. time
  1. Adverb: That was the year WHEN I graduated
  2. Preposition+ which: That was the year IN WHICH I graduated
2. place
  1. Adverb: That's the factory WHERE I work
  2. Preposition + which: That's the factory IN WHICH I work
3. reason
  1. Adverb: I'll tell you the reason WHY you were fired
  2. Preposition + which: I'll tell you the reason FOR WHICH you were fired

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Relative Clauses

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