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Elections
Beschreibung
Politics Mindmap am Elections, erstellt von sallybooth am 17/04/2013.
Keine Merkmale angegeben
politics
politics
Mindmap von
sallybooth
, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von
sallybooth
vor mehr als 11 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Elections
Functions of Elections
Judging the performance of the current government in power
Electing MP's to represent the constituency
Deciding between political programmes
Choosing leaders
Granting a mandate
Definitions
Electoral Mandate - The authority given to a winning party
Electoral Manifesto - Statement released by parties before an election stating policies they wish to enforce
Electoral System - Converts votes into seats
Links between Democracy & Elections
Negatives
Elections don't give PR and FPTP favours certain parties
Governments can get elected on a minority vote
Large parties have disproportionate funds
Positives
Eledctions are free to participate in with few voter restrictions
Most people are able to form a party and stand for election
Free info & free media
Deliver a democratic mandate
Free from corruption
First Past The Post
Advantages
Each constituency returns one MP
Stops smaller parties getting too much power
Strong government
Voters have 1 vote, easy and quick
Only 1 candidate per constutuency
Clear outcomes
Clear winner e.g May 2010 Conservatives - 10,738,826 votes = 307 seats & Labour - 8,609,527 votes = 258 seats
Disadvantages
Seats not in proportion to votes
Small and independent parties ignored
Some votes count more than others
Can be elected without 50% of vote e.g Glenda Jackson
All other votes from non winning party mean nothing
Other Electoral Systems
AMS
How?
Ensures PR
Seats awarded by list
1/3rd list closed
2/3rds elected by FPTP
Where?
Welsh Assembly
Scottish Parliament
SV
How?
Top 2 choices are added on
More than 50% win
Voters have 2 preferences
Where?
London Mayor election
Australian house of reps
STV
How?
Rest if preferences are redistributed
Repeated until achieved quota
Voters rank candidates
Where?
Northern Ireland
Republic of Ireland
Regional Lists
How?
Closed: No choice
Open: Voters can show a preference
Voters vote for list
Parties produce list per region
Seats are PR
Where?
Israel
Most of Europe
UK for MEP's
Electoral Reform Debate
For
Represents the electorate better
Voters given more choice
Use of second vote is better
Value of votes is better
With lists for example, people can choose more
Against
Referendim campaign alerted public to the drawbacks of alternative systems
2012 general election caused a hung parliament
For lists people may vote unfavouringly
Lib dems became unsupportive so declined
Proportional Representation
Impact on...
AMS
More diverse range of parties
More parties get administrative power
Enhances representation
Minor party representation in Scotland
STV
Preserves large constituencies
High proportional result
Voters have wider choice
Favours smaller parties
Coalitions are inevitable
Structure of parliament will change
Lists
Accurately proportional
Multi- party system
Gives smaller parties representation
Eliminates constituencies
For
Would be more representative
Stronger democracy
More authority & legitimacy
More votes would count
Allows smaller parties
More choice
Prevents 2 part systems
Against
Weak government
Increased coalitions
More time consuming
Unstable government
Constituency link may be lost
Extremist parties can flourish
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