4951488
obedience: situational variables
- variables
- proximity
- teacher and learner in same room
- 40%
- 40%
- teacher and learner in same room
- baseline study
- at Yale all variables normal
- 65%
- 65%
- at Yale all variables normal
- location
- run down office block
- 47.5%
- 47.5%
- run down office block
- touch proximity
- teacher forces learners hand onto plate
- 30%
- 30%
- teacher forces learners hand onto plate
- remote instruction
- experimenter not in room
and gave orders over the
phone
- 20.5%
- 20.5%
- experimenter not in room
and gave orders over the
phone
- uniform
- experimenter was a 'ember
of the public'
- 20%
- 20%
- experimenter was a 'ember
of the public'
- proximity
- evaluation
- research support - uniform
- Bickman - field experiment in New York
- 3 confederates dressed as
- milkman
- jacket and tie
- security guard
- milkman
- results
- twice as likely to obey the security
guard than the jacket and tie
- twice as likely to obey the security
guard than the jacket and tie
- the men asked for a coin for a parking
meter or to pick up litter
- 3 confederates dressed as
- Bickman - field experiment in New York
- lack of internal validity
- Orne & Holland
- baseline procedure was fake
- participants were even more likely
to realise the variations were fake
due to extra manipulation
- the situations were so unrealistic
- did the participants just go along with it - demand characteristics
- did the participants just go along with it - demand characteristics
- the situations were so unrealistic
- participants were even more likely
to realise the variations were fake
due to extra manipulation
- baseline procedure was fake
- Orne & Holland
- cross cultural replications
- supported Milgram
- Miranda
- obedience rate over 90% for Spanish students
- obedience rate over 90% for Spanish students
- Miranda
- however
- Smith & Bond
- most replication were in the west - developed countries
- similar culture to US
- similar culture to US
- most replication were in the west - developed countries
- Smith & Bond
- supported Milgram
- research support - uniform
- evaluation +
- control of variables
- Milgram only changed one thing at a time
- study was replicated lots
- good
- good
- study was replicated lots
- Milgram only changed one thing at a time
- the obedience alibi
- Milgram said - the situation you are in effects your obedience
- Mandel
- said that just makes an excuse for evil behaviour
- offensive to Holocaust survivors
- Nazis were obeying orders and were victims
of situational actors that were out of their
control
- Nazis were obeying orders and were victims
of situational actors that were out of their
control
- offensive to Holocaust survivors
- said that just makes an excuse for evil behaviour
- Mandel
- Milgram said - the situation you are in effects your obedience
- control of variables
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