2.1 Structure of RNA and DNA

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AS - Level Biology (2 - Nucleic Acids) Mindmap am 2.1 Structure of RNA and DNA, erstellt von Bee Brittain am 29/03/2016.
Bee Brittain
Mindmap von Bee Brittain, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
Bee Brittain
Erstellt von Bee Brittain vor mehr als 8 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

2.1 Structure of RNA and DNA
  1. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) stores genetic information
    1. RNA (ribonucleic acid) transfers genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes
      1. Ribosomes formed from RNA and proteins
      2. Nucleotide Structure
        1. RNA
          1. Ribose sugar
            1. Phosphate group
              1. 1 of 4 different bases
                1. Cytosine
                  1. Guanine
                    1. Adenine
                      1. Uracil
                    2. DNA
                      1. Pentose sugar
                        1. Phosphate group
                          1. 1 of 4 different bases
                            1. cytosine
                              1. Guanine
                                1. Adenine
                                  1. Thymine
                              2. Nucleotides Join together to form Polynucleotides
                                1. A dinucleotide is formed in a condensation reaction between the sugar of one mononucleotide, and the phosphate group of another. The bond between them is a PHOSPHODIESTER bond
                                  1. Chain of sugars and phosphates = sugar-phosphate backbone
                                  2. DNA Structure
                                    1. 2 DNA polynucleotide stands join together by hydrogen bonding between the bases
                                      1. 2 H bonds between Adenine and Thymine
                                        1. 3 H bonds between Cytosine and Guanine
                                        2. Each base only joins with one partner - complementary base pairing
                                          1. Adenine and Thymine
                                            1. Cytosine and Guanine
                                            2. Two antiparallel polynucleotide strands twist to form double helix
                                            3. RNA structure
                                              1. single polynucleotide chain
                                                1. shorter than most DNA polynucleotides
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