Renaissance

Anmerkungen:

• Renaissance was the rebirth of arts and thoughts. The rebirth of free/independent thinking, and most importantly humanism.  I chose to place Renaissance at the very beginning because it was the start of everything, without the Renaissance nothing will connect and nothing will exist. 

1. Change

   Anmerkungen:

   • During the Renaissance there were a lot of changes, new technologies, ideologies, ideas, and goods were brought to Italy.  I chose to put this under the category-renaissance because renaissance is the beginning of everything and during the renaissance, it's where changes starts to appear. 
   1. Rebirth of Classical Ideas

      Anmerkungen:

      • During the Renaissance, classical ideas were learned and studied once again by humanists and artists, especially the ideas of Ancient Rome/Greek.  I chose to put this under the category-change because the rebirth of classical ideas begins in the Renaissance. 
      1. Ancient Rome

         Anmerkungen:

         • During the Renaissance, humanists were inspired by the paintings, sculptures, and overall arts of Ancient Rome  I chose to put this under the category-Rebirth of Classical ideas because during the Renaissance, artist starts to learn about the arts and culture of Rome.
      2. Ancient Greek

         Anmerkungen:

         • During the Renaissance, humanists were inspired by the paintings, sculptures, and overall arts of Ancient Greek.  I chose to put this under the category-Rebirth of Classical ideas because during the Renaissance, artist starts to learn about the arts and culture of Greek.
   2. Independent Thinking & Humanism

      Anmerkungen:

      • Before the Renaissance, people followed the teaching from the churches, but during the Renaissance people starts to question about things and start to research about more and more knowledges. Humanism were also a key factor that allows people to think freely and this causes people to start learning about new informations.  I chose to put this under the category-changes because this is one of the main changes during the Renaissance. 
      1. Politics

         Anmerkungen:

         • Before the renaissance, churches holds the most powers, but during the renaissance people starts to become independent and which causes power to slowly transfer.  I chose to put this under independent thinking/humanism because the changes in politics were mostly causes by humanism beliefs. 
         1. Machiavelli

            Anmerkungen:

            • Machiavelli was a Italian diplomat and he's best known for writing-The Prince, a handbook for unscrupulous politicians that inspired the term "Machiavellian"  I chose to put him under the category politics because his writing-The Prince influenced modern politics and inspired the term Machiavellianism.
         2. Power of the Church and Kings Challenged

            Anmerkungen:

            • Before the Renaissance, the churches holds most powers. During the Renaissance, people start to believe in humanism which allows them to think freely.  I chose to put this under the category-Politics because the powers transferring affect the politics. Since churches holds the powers first, but then people starts to believe in own rights. 
         3. Patrons

            Anmerkungen:

            • Patrons were important people who supported artists, scientists, and architects...etc. Patrons were rich families that has money and they give chances of education to people with abilities, and they supported the growth of art.  I chose to put them under politics because they are also one main factor that helped the growth of renaissance, which lead to changes in politics and humanism/independent thinking. 
            1. Medici Family

               Anmerkungen:

               • The Medici Family were patrons and rich family who've helped strengthening the politics, and supported the development of arts.  I chose to put them under the category-Patrons because the Medici Family were patrons and a very rich family. 
      2. Art

         Anmerkungen:

         • Art is one of the new knowledges people start to get interested in, people starts to learn about arts and classical ideas from Rome and Greek.  I chose to put this under the category humanism/independent thinking because this is an action of free thinking and humanism, by trying to learn more and question everything we know. 
         1. Italy/Florence

            Anmerkungen:

            • Italy and Florence were where the Renaissance begins, this two locations had rich trade routes. This changes the lifestyles of the civilians and people living there.  I chose to put this under art because most arts came from Italy/Florence. 
            1. Michelangelo

               Anmerkungen:

               • Gift in both painting & sculpture. Sculptures showed talents for carving. Carved La Pieta, and David & Moses, his remarkable works became the world's greatest sculptures at all time.  I chose to put him under category Italy/Florence and Art because he was a Italian sculptor and painter. 
            2. Donatello

               Anmerkungen:

               • Donatello was a Italian sculptor and he's also the greatest  Florentine sculptor before Michelangelo. Were influential individual artist of the 15th century in Italy. I chose to put him under the category-Italy/Florence and Art because he's the greatest Florentine sculptor before Michelangelo and his art works influenced lots of artists. 
            3. Raphael

               Anmerkungen:

               • Raphael is best known for his "Madonnas,"and for his large figure compositions in the Palace of the Vatican in Rome. I chose to put him under the category-Italy/Florence & art because he's a famous painter & architect. 
         2. Perspective

            Anmerkungen:

            • Before the Renaissance, most paintings and drawings have no perspective and the people in the drawings looks robotic with no emotions. During the Renaissance, artists begins to add more perspective, and the paintings became more 3D. I chose to put this under the category-art because it's an important change in art during the Renaissance. 
         3. Non-religious themes

            Anmerkungen:

            • Non-religious themes were an important change to the Renaissance because before this happened, arts are based on religious beliefs. But after this event, some artists starts to create art works that's based on non-religious themes.  I chose to put it under the category-art because it's an important change towards Renaissance arts. 
      3. Science

         Anmerkungen:

         • Science were one of the knowledges people start to get interested in during the renaissance, people starts to learn about anatomy, astronomy, and many other categories.  I chose to put this under the category humanism/independent thinking because this is an action of free thinking and humanism, by trying to learn more and question everything we know. 
         1. Medicine

            Anmerkungen:

            • Leonardo da Vinci, Copernicus and lots of other famous scientest contributed a lot to the world of medicine.  I chose to put this under the category-science because medicine count as a part of science. 
            1. Nicolaus Copernicus

               Anmerkungen:

               • Copernicus published a revolution idea which Earth and other planets revolved around the sun, and sun is the center of the universe, Earth is not. This idea was a perfect example of humanism, to question everything.  I chose to put him under the category-science and medicines because he was a very talented and famous scientist. And he studied medicines in University of Krakow, Poland. 
            2. Andreas Vesalius

               Anmerkungen:

               • Vesalius were a 
         2. Galileo

            Anmerkungen:

            • He was a Italian scientist and scholar that made pioneering observations that laid the foundation for modern physics and astronomy. I chose to put him under the category science because he was a great scientist and observer. And he influenced the modern physics and astronomy. 
      4. Architecture

         Anmerkungen:

         • Architecture were also one of the new knowledges that people start to get interested in. During the renaissance people starts to learn about arts and architecture, buildings became more perspective and creative.  I chose to put this under the category humanism/independent thinking because this is an action of free thinking and humanism, by trying to learn more and question everything we know. 
         1. Brunelleschi

            Anmerkungen:

            • Brunelleschi was one of the first architects and engineers during the Renaissance. His most famous work is the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore (the Duomo) in Florence. I chose to put him under the category- Architecture because he was a really famous architects and his building-the Duomo still exists in modern day. 
      5. Literature

         Anmerkungen:

         • Literature were one of the big change and new knowledges people start to get interested in. People starts to learn about literature and even created the first printing press. It changes the society a lot.  I chose to put this under the category humanism/independent thinking because this is an action of free thinking and humanism, by trying to learn more and question everything we know. 
         1. Printing

            Anmerkungen:

            • Printing press is one of the famous invention during the Renaissance and it's originally created by Johannes Gutenberg.  I chose to put printing under the category Literature because printing count as a kind of writing. And it's a great invention that changes and improves our literature. 
            1. Gutenberg

               Anmerkungen:

               • Gutenberg developed a method of movable type that could rearranged and used over again. Unlike the Chinese, who used wooden blocks, his printing press uses metal which is more durable.  I chose to put him under the category-printing and literature because his printing press improves upon the existing printing methods, and made printing a lot more efficient. 
               1. Famous Printed Bible

                  Anmerkungen:

                  • Gutenberg developed a method of movable type and used it to create one of the Western world's first printed books, the “Forty-Two-Line” Bible. I chose to put this under category Gutenberg because this bible were written and printed by Johannes Gutenberg. 
         2. William Shakespeare

            Anmerkungen:

            • Was a skilled actor, poet, and great playwright. Had talents for expressing thoughts and feelings in memorable words. Also had the skill to present his understanding through vivid character and exciting drama.  I chose to put him under the category-literature because he's a poet and playwright, and one of the best storyteller in the world. 
         3. Petrarch

            Anmerkungen:

            • He was a poet and scholar and his philosophy about humanism is one of the main reasons that Renaissance was so successful.  I chose to put him under the category-Literature because he was a poet and his great writings were a key factor towards the beginning of Renaissance. 
      6. HE DOES EVERY THING

         Anmerkungen:

         • I chose to add this new category because Leonardo Da Vinci literally studied and learn about everything that's related to humanism and independent thinking. 
         1. Leonardo da Vinci

            Anmerkungen:

            • Leonardo da Vinci were a very important person to the Renaissance. He influenced lots of artists and created lots of sculptures, paintings, and even inventions.  I chose to put him under my own category because he studied many subjects including painting, sculpture, music, mathematics, anatomy, and even engineering.