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51834
Parliament
Beschreibung
Politics Mindmap am Parliament, erstellt von sallybooth am 20/04/2013.
Keine Merkmale angegeben
politics
politics
Mindmap von
sallybooth
, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von
sallybooth
vor mehr als 11 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Parliament
Parliamentary & Presidential Government
Parliamentary
Parliament is in the highest source of political authority
The government must be drawn from parliament e.g HOC or HOL
No strict seperation of powers between legislature and executive
Government must be accountable to parliament
Presidential Government
Legislature and executive have seperate sources of authority
The president is not part of the legislature
The president is directly accountable to the people
Clear seperation of powers
Codified constitution to seperate powers
Parliamentary Sovereignty
Parliament is the source of all political power
Parliament may restore itself any powers that have been delegated
parliament may make any laws it wishes
Not bound by any previous laws passed previously
Cannot bind it's successors
The Structure of Parliament
The bicameral division of parliament
HOL
HOC
The Queen and parliament
Plenary Sessions
When all of the HOC & HOL meet
Issue examples: War in Iraq, tuition fees, budget debates
Legislative Committees
Most are public bill committees
Grants power to MP's and peers
Committees of the whole house
Amendment of bills, considered by everyone
Rare
Department select committees
Just parliament
Draw conclusions from proposals
Other select committees
Deal with domestic issues
e.g Public accounts committee checks parliament is spending correctly
Functions of Parliament
Legitimation
Traditional role to provide consent
Government's ability to legislate is underpinned by parliament
Parliament makes legislation legitimate
Scrutiny
Close inspection, amendments may be proposed
Parliament represents many sections of society
Doesn't involve gridlock
Opposition
only applies to parties that are currently not in government
Involves forced justification
Hope to expose weaknesses of the government's position
Accountability
Forcing justification
Potential critisism
Responsibility
Financial control
Approval, also exposing
Renewed every year, e.g the budget
'Public accounts committee'
Representation
Representing the people
Representing different sections of society
Represent party
Redress of grievances
Constituent to go to MP
MP's expected to raise issues in the HOC
Private members' legislation
Annual ballot for MP's and peers
Proposals almost always blocked
Deliberation
Holding debates on a vital issue
Critical decisions on the nation's future
Reserve powers
The ability to veto government legislation
The ability to dismiss government
Delay
Cannot deny only delay
Can delay for up to a year
HOL can defy more
Amendment of legislation
Every HOL amendment must be confirmed by HOC
If there is a disagreement the bill will jump backwards
House of Commons
Strengths
Has ultimate power to remove a government from office
MP's can veto legislation
MP's can force legislative amendments
MP's can call ministers to account
Each constituency can be represented by their MP
Various interests are represented by MP's
Small groups of MP's can have an impact
Weaknesses
Government usually have majority so can dominate MP's
Party whips
MP's have insufficient time to call government to account
MP's have a limited role developing legislation
HOC lacks women and ethnic minorities
Government is increasingly ignoring parliament
House of Lords
Strengths
Many members are independent from party whips
Peers represent widely
Can delay legislation and therefore force compromises
Has more effective time to construct debates etc
Weaknesses
Unreformed it lacks democratic legitimacy
Cannot veto anything long term and is limited by law
Proposed amendments can be overturned by HOC
Limited role in developing legislation
Face problems with holding government to account
HOL Reform
For
More democratic
Will eliminate any corrupt practices
Will help with PR
Will allow smaller parties to be represented more
Brings more people into the political process
Membership can be controlled to ensure representation
Can bring more independents into the political process
Against
Can create deadlock if literally just a mirrored HOC
Too many elections may lead to voter fatigue
More powerful second chamber may lead to a less decisive government
May be dominated by parties with 'party hacks'
Could lead to corruption if too much power is given
Might lack legitimacy and public support
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