Energy

Energy

Biomass
1. The mass of material in living organisms
2. Radiation from the Sun is the source of all energy
3. The biomass made by plants is passed on through the food chain
  1. The animals eat the plants
    1. The plants eat the animals
      1. etc.
  2. The biomass is always less than it was at the previous stage
    1. Shown by a pyramid of biomass
    2. Because
      1. Not all the organisms are eaten
      2. Energy is passed out as waste etc
      3. Most of the biomass is used up by the organism for respiration - little is used for the cells etc
Energy transfers
1. Energy loss in waste
  1. Animals cannot digest everything they eat
  2. Excess protein goes into urine
2. Energy loss due to movement
  1. Energy for this made in respiration
    1. Biomass is used up
  2. The more they move, the more energy and biomass is used
3. Keeping a constant body temperature
  1. Energy is used to heat surroundings
4. Biomass is transferred to the organism's offspring
Decay
1. Decomposers
  1. Break down the waste
  2. Return nutrients to the environment
  3. Include bacteria and fungi
  4. Feed on waste and dead organisms
  5. Detritus feeders
    1. Start the process
    2. Then eaten by bacteria and fungi
  6. Produce waste products
    1. Carbon dioxide
    2. Water
    3. Nutrients
  7. 'Clean up' the environment
2. Conditions
  1. Faster in warm conditions
  2. Grow better in moist conditions
  3. There needs to be plenty of oxygen available
3. Recycling
  1. Use microorganisms in sewage treatment plants
    1. Break down our bodily waste
  2. Compost heap
The carbon cycle
1. Carbon is one of the most important elements in our body
2. The amount of carbon in the world is fixed
3. Photosynthesis
  1. Green plants and algae
  2. Carbon makes up their main nutrients
  3. Carbon is passed on through the food chain in their biomass
4. Respiration
  1. How carbon is returned to the atmosphere
    1. CO2 as a waste product
5. Combustion
  1. Burning fossil fuels
    1. Releases CO2
    2. Too much CO2 in carbon cycle
      1. Global warming

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