Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Social Psychology
- Obedience
- Milgram(1963)62.5%
- Varaitions
- Victim is silent-100% Dehuminisation
- Victim in the same room-40%- Huminisation
- Run-Down Blocks-48% Legitmate Authority
- Forces hand on shock plate-30% Huminisation
- Experimenter over the phone- 20.5% Cohersion
- Two confederates-150 volts and 210 volts- Social Support
- Confederates only give shocks not words- 92.5%- Agentic Shift
- Evaluations Orne
- Internal validity-phone
- Ecological-Hofling and Bickman
- Population-Kilmann and Mann 16%F and 40% M
- Ethics
- Consent but decit
- Right to Withdraw-opposed hints
- Psychological harm- extreme stress
- Hofling(1966)
- Nurses-Dr
smith-Phone
call-20miligrambottle10
-21/22
- Bickman(1974)
- Guard 89%.
Milkman 57%.
Civilian 33%
- Explanations
- Legitmate Authority
- Coerion
- Agentic Shift/state
- Gradual Commitment
- Dehuminsation
- Differences in Obedience + Conformity
- Obedience-direct exercise of power, Authority- desire for acceptance
- Obedience-Authority, Conformity-group
- Obedience-hgiher status, Authority-same social status
- Conformity
- Information Social Influences
(Need to be Liked)
- Woolworths
- Rodin Pillivan+ Rodin (fire in the room)
- Sherif (1935)
(Auto Kinetic
Effect)
Anlagen:
- Internationlisation (change behaviour and opinion)
- Normative Social Influences
(Need to be Right)
- Compliance (change your behaviour not your mind)
- Asch (1951) (32%)-Lines
Anlagen:
- Varitions
- Nom of confederates ( two 13%, three 32%)
Anlagen:
- Confederates doesn't conform (drops 5.5%)
- The more difficult the lower the conformity
- If answer written (drops 12.5%) e.g. riddicile and dissaprroval
- Time Validity- vary e.g. effected by social change
- Cultural varaition- different levels of cohesion and independence(0.25% UK)
- Smith and Bond(1996)Meta analysis 134
Anlagen:
- Factors Affecting Conformity
- Conforming to social norms- Zimbardo
- Group Size
- Social Support
- Personality- facist etc
- Group Identity
- Individual Differences
- Resisting Obedience
- Questioning Motives-Status of Authority -
Milgram downtown 47.5%
- Social Support -10% 150,210
- Responsibility/empathy 35% blind obedience
- Reactance-sense of freedom
- Time for discussion - gamson- Footage
- Humanised-30%shock plate
- Resisting conformity
- Desire for individualism-
Snyner+Fromkin-assert indivuality
- Maintain control-obvious
pressure- Daubman desirability
control scale - how hints were
taken
- Social support -
Milgram dropped
8.7% other
conferadtes
- Prior commitment -Acsh Varation-Pubically announce first
0%changed
- Independent Differences on Behaviuor
- Locus of control
- Rotter (1966) -
questionnaire- internal(no
luck) less likely to conform
- Miller(1975)- external more obedient but only to higher
status - interal no status
- E: mixed results, other factors