Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Vygotsky:
social aspects
of cognitive
development
- Lev Vygotsky
- 1896 - 1934
- Biology => Law => Dev Psych
- Russia
- Key concepts
- HIGHER & LOWER
MENTAL FUNCTIONS
- development:
social interaction
- higher thought requires language
- voluntary & deliberate
- culturally &
linguistically
mediated
- genetically inherited
- direct response
to environment
- automatic &
unconscious
- INTERNALISATION
- = a process when external
cultural patterns of activity
become represented internally
- mastery of language
- not only communication
=> substance of thought
& knowledge
- social & cultural reality = primary
role in determining the nature of
internal psych. functioning
- THOUGHT & LANGUAGE
- speech: drives development
- organisation of
perceptions & actions
- start: interpersonal
symbol system
- becomes: internal
symbol system
- Helen Keller
- egocentric speech
- solve problems:
talk to self
- = transition:
external <=>
inner speech
- Piaget:
egocentrism
- ZONE OF PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT
or 'SCAFFOLDING'
- = potential in a child - unlocked
through instruction & guidance
- 1. independent ability
- independent level
- 2. guided ability
- guidance & help
- variation:
same 1. level,
vary in 2. level
- Mugny & Doise, 1978
- conservation task
- work together: higher
level performance
- improvement: groups
- Similarities with Piaget
- development = social
process
- learning =
shared activity
- achieved through
cooperation with
others
- learning =>impact development
- Differences with Piaget
- BRUNER & Joint
Involvement Episodes
- interest & desire
- control attention
- tasks segmented
- routines
- demonstration => delegation
- prevent frustration
- adult & child
together => focus
on a task