5538320
Outline and evaluate hormonal
mechanisms in human aggression
- Cortisol AO1
- Dabbs
- Cortisol decreases
aggression because it
increases anxiety and the
likelihood of social
withdrawal
- Cortisol decreases
aggression because it
increases anxiety and the
likelihood of social
withdrawal
- Virkkunen
- Cortisol inhibits testosterone. Low levels of cortisol in habitual offenders
- This was also
found in violent
school children
(Tennes & Kreye)
- This was also
found in violent
school children
(Tennes & Kreye)
- Cortisol inhibits testosterone. Low levels of cortisol in habitual offenders
- Dabbs
- Cortisol AO2
- McBurnett et al
- 4 year old boys with behavioural
problems were found to have low
cortisol levels
- Boys with consistently low cortisol levels had
3x the level of aggressive behaviour compared
to boys with high or fluctuating cortisol levels
- 4 year old boys with behavioural
problems were found to have low
cortisol levels
- Suggests that while testosterone may be the main
influence in aggressive behaviour, low cortisol levels
increase the likelihood of aggressive behaviour
- It's been claimed that boys with low cortisol
levels might be less afraid of punishment, so
may not experience anxiety at the threat of
punishment and so don't avoid aggressive
situations in the same way that others might
- McBurnett et al
- Testosterone AO1
- Dabbs et al
- Measured salivary
testosterone in
violent & nonviolent
criminals. Those with
highest levels had a
history of violent
crimes, while those
with lowest levels had
committed
non-violent crimes
- Measured salivary
testosterone in
violent & nonviolent
criminals. Those with
highest levels had a
history of violent
crimes, while those
with lowest levels had
committed
non-violent crimes
- Lindman
- Young males who behaved aggressively
when drunk had higher testosterone levels
than those who did not act aggressively
- Young males who behaved aggressively
when drunk had higher testosterone levels
than those who did not act aggressively
- Dabbs et al
- Testosterone AO2
- Albert et al
- Claimed many studies
found no relationship
between testosterone
and aggression
- Claimed many studies
found no relationship
between testosterone
and aggression
- Mazur
- There’s a difference between
dominance and aggression.
Suggests testosterone increases
dominance, so animals show this
just through aggression, but it can
take many forms in humans
- There’s a difference between
dominance and aggression.
Suggests testosterone increases
dominance, so animals show this
just through aggression, but it can
take many forms in humans
- Book et al
- Meta analysis of 45 studies,
found 0.14 positive correlation
- Meta analysis of 45 studies,
found 0.14 positive correlation
- Gender bias IDA
Archer et al
- Effect of testosterone on
women is worse for behaviour
- Successful career women were also found to have higher testosterone levels
- Successful career women were also found to have higher testosterone levels
- Effect of testosterone on
women is worse for behaviour
- Klinesmith
- Male college
students played
with a gun,
salivary
testosterone was
significantly
higher
afterwards
compared to
control group
- Male college
students played
with a gun,
salivary
testosterone was
significantly
higher
afterwards
compared to
control group
- Albert et al
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