Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Quantification and costing
of construction works
- Preparing Pricing documents
- tender documents generally
- BQ's
- Sch of Works
- Sch of rates
- Provisional sums
- Methods of
measurement
- SMM
- CESSMM
- 4 types of rules
- Measurement
- Sets out measured works
- Definition rules
- sets out meanings used
in CESMM 3
- Coverage rules
- explains items included
but not stated indescription
- Additional description rules
- additional
descriptions
- Structure
- list of principle quants.
- preamble
- DW sch.
- work items
- summary
- RICS code of
Measuring Practice 6th ed.
- GEA
- gross external area
- the area of the building measured
externally at each floor level
- GIA
- gross internal Area
- area of building measured to
internal face of perimeter walls
- Ex. open sided balconies, fire esp.,
canopies, ext walls, fuel stores
- NIA
- Net Internal Area
- usable area within a building measured to
the internal face of perimeter wall at each
floor
- ex. internal structural walls & columns, spaces with headroom
less 1.5m, corridors & circulation , perm lift lobbies, WC, cln
cub, plant rm
- definitions to permit accurate &
consistent measurement
- difference between SMM and CESMM
- SMM7 doc for measurement
- more details as for BQs
- e.g. excavation is separate items
in SMM but classed as one in
CESMM
- suitable for building projects
- CESMM
- based on Ice
Conditions of Contract
- Analysis of Price
- Tender Sums
- Guranteed/Agreed Maximum Price
- Target Cost - Pain-gain mech
- L&E
- Preliminaries
- Dayworks
- Valuation of Works
- Interim Valuations
- Valuing Change
- Principles
- add/omit are valued by quantifying the
change of scope + using rates/prices 4
identical /similar works as basis of valuation
- effects of prelims/risk allowances/design
frees/OH&P should be considered
- works not similar = rates from other works in the contract used &
used as a basis 2 form a new rate/price with adj 4 diff.
- star rate
- when not possible 2 produce a * state - a fair rate/price
is calc by 2 reflect changed factors
- last resort = works valued on time taken and
resources used 2 complete - dayworks
- JCT
- SBC XQ/Q/AQ
- XQ/Q
- change =
alteration/mod of
design quant. or qual.
- priced docs used 4
pricing vals (CSA/wk sch)
- contractor holds risk of
properly quant scope.
- Value change?
- emp. & MC agree rate
- where agreement not met = QS
carry out valuation using
valuation rules
- AQ
- Value Change?
- QS re-measure works carried
out by contractor and adjust BQ
- IFC
- Value change
- same as Q?XQ
- D&B
- emp. & MC
endeavour 2 agree
valuation
- fail 2 agree = EA value in
accordance with V Rules
- MW
- if fail 2 agree = Ca value on fair and
reasonable basis based on work sch. + inc
L&E
- MPC
- Early warning - both parties
notify other if change.
- Emp request quote - deals with
change + adj of prelims & design +
EOT & L&E
- value of change agreed
b4 instruction
- NEC
- NEC A (act sch)
- VARIATION: Alterations/
modifications 2 design/qual/quant of
the contract works 2 site access or
working cond.
- different
variations that
could arise
- change 2 spec.
- discrepancy between contract doc
- discrepancy with stat requirements
- errors & omissions
- deficiency in emp requirements
- Instructions must be in writing - QS
cannot make add 2 the contract sum
for AIs that r not written
- Oral instrutions
- MC has 7 days 2 write 2 CA asking
4 the AI 2 b confirmed
- if the CA does not respond in a further 7
days it is taken as being an AI
- MC objecting 2 variations
- they can make reasonable obj in
writing 4 variations relating 2 those
described in 5.1.2 (work cond)
- CA can issue a compliance notice if the MC
does comply with instruction
- if there is no action by the MC within 7 days,
others can b emp. 2 carry out that wrk
- L&E
- What is it?
- reimbuses the MC for direct L&E incurred in
carrying out add wrk or from an emp breach
- Clauses in JCT SBC
- 4.23 to 4.26
- Procedure of claiming L&E
- 1. as soon as reg wrk affected, MC
notifes CA in writing ,
- 2. MC 2 submit further info 2 CA if req.
- 3. submit further info 2 CA/QS 2 help
them ascertain the amount of L&E
- Relevant Matters
- events than entitle MC 2 L&E, along with
deferment of possession of site
- Relevant matters
- 5 in total
- 1. Variations
- 2. Instructions
- 3. Approx Qnts not properly described/forcast
- 4. suspension by emp
- 5. any impediment, prevention or default by MC
- L&E should be an
assessment if ACTUAL loss
- what is not permissible - accelerations and claim preparation
- Common heads of claims
- prolongation (xtr site OH e.g. prelims)
- Prelims thickeningm(extra supervision during period of delay)
- Disruption (underemployment of plant / laabour)
- Inc in labour/ mat cost during the period of delay
- head office OH
- Loss of profit (commonly combined with Head office OH
- Finance chanrges
- Acceleration costs
- not permissible in JCT contract
- claim prep costs
- not permissible in JCT contracts
- Use the HUDSON FORMULA
- Head office OHP/ 100 X Contract sum/ contract period X period of delay
- Global Claim
- Global claim is where there is no attempt 2
separate out all the diff causes & their effects.
- it lists a whole load of causes 4 delay/ L&E
& gives the overall effect
- due 2 difficulties proving/disproving them, MC is likely
2 end up with something e.g. EOT or L&E
- Can MC claim if variations omits part of the works?
- the claim would be for loss of profit
- MC have 2 prove that no valid reason 4 emp
to omit wrks - esp if the wrks then
performed by another contractor
- MC right 2 b able 2 complete the wrk he was
contracted 2 carry out, & realise the profit &
therefore for omissions, careful wording the variation
- there cannot b fundamental changes 2 the charac 4
the wrk or else the contract may b seen 2 b breached
- Final Account
- Reporting on cost
- intems included
- Ex summary
- preliminaries
- instructed variations
- anticipated variations
- Claims
- total certified payments
- Purpose
- report against budgeted values & act as a
working cost check on the project budget
- give client understanding of
savings/add monies required
- report on contract progress against
pre-contract predictions
- Tender report
- list of tenders recieved
- initial tender rtn costs
- any quals identified
- post-tender adjustments
- revised tender sums
- issues to be resolved
- comparison of tender return
- recommendation
- comparison with PTE
- Correcting errors in tender
- JCT Practice note 6
- 2 alternative
- Alternative 1
- cont. given
details of errors
- opportunity to
confirm or
withrdraw
- Confirm
- confirm tender
sum in report
- withdraw
- approach the next
lowest tenderer
- Alternative 2
- confirm or amend
- genuine errors
- Amend and now not lowest
- engage with lowest
- Post contract financial reporting