Zusammenfassung der Ressource
English SK
- STANDARD
ENGLISH
- SE is using certain grammar, vocab and spelling
- Spoken English is affected by
historical, regional and individual
variations.
- Dialect is the grammar and
vocal of language spoken in a
particular region
- Accent is the way words
are pronounced
- Language register is how different words/grammatical formations are used
defending on the situation
- Pedagogical:
- Children can recognise and practice SE and other dialects through speaking and
listening tasks including drama.
- LANGUAGE
ACQUISITION
- The 3 main theories of language acquisition are: The
behaviourist account, the generative/innatist approach
and the social interaction approach.
- B.F.Skinner = Behaviourist view
- Three part sequence = stimulus - response - reward
- Main criticism = Children produce utterances they've not heard adults say
- Naom Chomsy = Generative/Innatist approach
- Supported by LAD (language
acquisition device)
- Motherese = Non-standard way that adults talk to children
- Children need to experiment with language and be
wrong because these are critical elements in
learning language in the context of real dialogue.
- Social/Interactive approach = Humans are programmed to
communicate and can do so from birth. Language learnt through
interaction
- Supported by LASS (Language Acquisition Support System)
- REPRESENTING
SOUND IN
WRITING
- Phonological awareness = Awareness of units of sound and how they work in speech
- Syllable = A group of sounds that act as
a unit of rhythm in speech
- Onset = Consonant at the
beginning of a syllable
- Homophone =
words that sound
the same but
have a different
spelling or
meaning
- Rime = The remaining part
of a syllable
- Phoneme = Smallest unit of sound in a word
- Morpheme = Smallest unit of meaning in a word
- Phonics = Teaching children sound-symbol correspondences
- 44 phonemes in
English - 24
consonant and
20 vowel
- Grapheme = A letter or group of letters representing a sound
- Digraph = Two letter
grapheme e.g. CH
- Trigraph - Three letter grapheme e.g air
- Split digraph = the 'e' at the end of words
works with another letter to make a sound
e.g. 'oo' in hope
- Blending = merging together of separate sounds in a word
- Segmenting = Breaking words into phonemes to spell
- Decode = to read words
- Encode = to spell words
- GRAMMAR
- Grammatical knowledge puts children control of their use of
language, it helps them in their attempts to communicate and makes them more effective language users.
- A sentence = A group of words containing a subject and
predicate that can stand alone.
- Subject = What or whom the sentence is about
- Predicate = Tells us about
the subject (verb)
- Object = Complete a verbs meaning
- Sentence functions = Question, command,
statement, explanation
- Transitive verbs need require an object
and intransitive verbs do not.
- Clause =A group of related words containing a subject and a verb.
- Phrase = A group of related words NOT
containing a subject or verb
- Phrases = Noun
phrase, prepositional
phrase. adjectival
phrase and adverbial
phrase
- Cohesive references can be made to other parts of text:
- Anaphoric = refer back
- Cataphorical = Point forward
- Lexical cohesion = Where
two words in a text are
semantically related in
terms of meaning
- PARTS OF A
SENTENCE
- 8 main word classes = Nouns, Pronouns, Adjectives, Adverbs, Verbs, Determiners, Conjunctions, Prepositions
- 4 types of common nouns =
concrete nouns, abstract,
countable and incountable
- 'A and 'an'' = the
indefinite article
- 'The' = the definite
article
- 'Twenty' = cardinal
number
- Third = ordinal
number
- 3 types of conjunctions =
co-ordinating, correlative and
subordinating.
- STORIES, POETRY
AND DRAMA
- Main stage of story structure = The opening, the inciting moment, the development,
the denoument and the ending
- Calligram = A poem where the
size, shape and font of letters
and their effects support its
meaning
- Narrative poem = Tells a story
- Performance
poem = Poem to
be acted out
- A Haiku = Japanese verse
with 17 syllables over 3
lines
- A Couplet = Two
consecutive lines linked by
rhythm and whyme
- Shape poem = Appearance
on page reflects theme
- Iambic pentameter = a rhythmical
pattern with 5 metrical beats to the
line (Shakespeare's plays)
- Four functions of
drama in primary =
Drama as a story,
drama as an aid to
learning, drama as a
resource to moral
education and drama
as an aid to language
and literacy
development
- Pedagogical
- DRAMA - Puppets, Hot seating,
Improvisation, Simulation, Tableaux (freeze
frame)
- Stories: Satisfy
curiosity, allow
children to
experience the
world vicariously,
improve literacy,
increase common
cultural
awareness and
provide pleasure