58849
Beschreibung
Mindmap von Amberlee Green, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Amberlee Green
vor fast 12 Jahre
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Attention and Computing
- Visual Attention
- Attention limits
entry into capacity
processing system
by selecting subset
of available info
- Takes place by
competing therories;
Early selection and
Late selection
- Perceptual Load - Lavie,
1995, selction is early or late
depending on how much
processing (load) needs to be
taken
- Perceptual Load - Lavie,
1995, selction is early or late
depending on how much
processing (load) needs to be
taken
- Takes place by
competing therories;
Early selection and
Late selection
- Is selective
attention;
spatial or
object
based?
- Space
- Spotlight
Analogy.
Posner, 1980 -
attention is like
a spotlight,
enhancing
everything in its
beam.
- illuminate/activates
info around it
- EVIDENCE - Posner, 1980
- Exogenous/external
(bottom up);
reflexes and
sudden changes
(e.g. flash/clap)
based on whats
actually happening
in the environment
- Endogenous//internal
(top down);
controlled, instructed
to send attention
there; based on what
the observer believes
- EVIDENCE
Posner et al
- used
boxes;
better
reaction
time for
valid than
invalid
location
- Exogenous/external
(bottom up);
reflexes and
sudden changes
(e.g. flash/clap)
based on whats
actually happening
in the environment
- illuminate/activates
info around it
- Zoom
LensTheory -
Eriksen and St.
James 1986- additon
to spotlight theory.
- Narrow Beam - focus on middle of word
- EVIDENCE
Laberge, 1983,
supported this with
5 letter words
- EVIDENCE
Laberge, 1983,
supported this with
5 letter words
- Broad Beam - focus on everything/the whole word
- Narrow Beam - focus on middle of word
- Spatial Attention - Bichot, Cave et al, 1999)
- Can be split across two locations
- Can be split across two locations
- Neural sites; studied via
human brain lesions, brain
scans and monkeys.
EVIDENCE Posner &
Peterson, 1990
(Posterier/Anterior)
- Posterior - expression of attention. Three
interacting systems - disengagement, shifts
and engagment of attention (exogenous)
- Anterior - control of attention (endogenous)
- Posterior - expression of attention. Three
interacting systems - disengagement, shifts
and engagment of attention (exogenous)
- EVIDENCE (for space attention) Disorders
- Unilateral
pareital
damage =
neglect
syndrome
- left side
neglect more
commom as
right
hemisphere
represents
left (and a
small bit of
right)
- Neglect is a
propblem with
attention not
low-level
perception
- left side
neglect more
commom as
right
hemisphere
represents
left (and a
small bit of
right)
- Unilateral
pareital
damage =
neglect
syndrome
- Spotlight
Analogy.
Posner, 1980 -
attention is like
a spotlight,
enhancing
everything in its
beam.
- Object
- attention can be
directed at objects
aswell as space
- Rock and
Guttman, 1981,
layed two objects
on top of each
other, subjects
had to attend to
one. Later, they
could not
remembr the
unattended one.
- Rock and
Guttman, 1981,
layed two objects
on top of each
other, subjects
had to attend to
one. Later, they
could not
remembr the
unattended one.
- Neglect
patients can
also have
trouble e.g.
disect line off
centre as they
cant see the
full line
- Duncan, 1984 -
easier to judge two
attributes of one
object that the
same two from dif.
objects even
though spatial
distance is the
same
- attention can be
directed at objects
aswell as space
- Space
- Attention limits
entry into capacity
processing system
by selecting subset
of available info
- Attention 2
- Selective attention can
be drawn towards the
location of emotional
stimuli
- Selective attention can
be drawn towards the
location of emotional
stimuli
- Mind and Computing
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