Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Alexander II's Local Government Reforms
- Zemstvo 1864 and Dumas, town councils set up
- Cons (8)
- Peasants did not benefit
- Had to pay Zemstvo tax, higher proportion for poor than landlord
- Didn't participate as much
- Nobles vote was worth more
- 40% of members were nobles, not representative
- Provincial governor veteos Zemtsvo decision
- Only introduced to provinces where Nobility dominates
- 19 provinces, then 37/70
- Intelligentsia only talk about political affairs, peasants problems undiscussed
- No control over taxes
- o Zemstvo expenditure 15m roubles per year 1868- 96m by 1900, low considering wide range of
responsibilities
- Pros (3)
- Nobles/townspeople/peasant all involved via electoral colleges
- G Hosking "believed themselves to constitute a kind of alternative establishment"
- Tsar's autocracy undermined
- Shows another way of running Russia
- Applies to intelligentsia
- Helped to improve public services such as roads/schools/health/prisons
- Industrial projects and poor relief