Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Alexander 3's reforms
- Local Government
- Land Captain July 1889
- Power to override, and ignore Zemstvo decisions/ elections, village assemblies
- Controlled law enforcement
- Power of death penalty
- Changed election arrangements 1890
- Peasant vote reduced
- Lost the little power/ability to discuss
- Zemstvo placed under central gov control
- Property owners of certain value ONLY on electorate JUNE 1892
- Ensures conservative, aristocratic electorate
- ALL CHANGES MADE TAX COLLECTION MORE EFFICIENT,
RE-ESTABLISHED CLASS PRINCIPLE IN COUNTRY, LOCAL NOBILITY
POWER REASSERTED
- Policing
- Statute on Police Surveillance 1882
- Area deemed one of "subversion"
- Search and arrest those they expected had done a crime
- Those arrested had no legal right to representation
- Vyacheslav von Plehve heads Dept of Police 1881-1884
- Pyotr Durnovo 1884+
- More police, branches, spies, counter spies, agent provacteurs
- Okhrana put Royal family under surveillance
- Judicial
- Minister Justice greater control decree of 1885
- Dismiss judges- only favourable to autocracy in control
- 1887 closed court sessions
- At mercy of judge/no fair trial
- 1889- Appoint own town court judges
- 1887 property education quals needed for jurors RAISED
- 1889- Volosts under direct jurisdiction of Land Captain in country, judges in towns
- Education
- Delyanov
- University Charter 1884
- Appointments of chancellor, dean, professor subject
based on 'religious, moral and patriotic orientation'
- Uni closed to women
- Separate uni courts abolished
- Students gather no more than 5
- Lower classes restricted to primary education by
Orthodox Church
- Prevent growth of radical/independent thinkers
- 21% pop literate by 1897
- Censorship
- Tolstoy head of
- 1882 Temporary Regulations
- Newspapers closed
- Lifetime bans could issued on editors/publishers
- More active censors
- Extended to theatre, art and culture
- Peasant reform
- Land Bank 1883
- May 1881- Redemptions fees reduced
- Arrears cancelled
- May 1885 poll tax abolished, replaced with inheritance tax