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Fundamentals of ComputerSystems: Pages 1-5
- Computer Systems
- Computer
- An electronic, programmable
data processing machine
- An electronic, programmable
data processing machine
- System
- A collection of parts that work together for
some defined purpose
- A collection of parts that work together for
some defined purpose
- Computer system
- A collection of hardware and software that woks
together to achieve some data processing task
- A collection of hardware and software that woks
together to achieve some data processing task
- A system is separated from the outside
world by a SYSTEM BOUNDARY
- They are often known as INTERFACES
- They are often known as INTERFACES
- Examples:
- Holiday booking
- Inputs - dates, destinations,
credit card details
- Processing - check availability,
produce documents
- Outputs - itineraries, air
tickets, hotel reservations
- Outputs - itineraries, air
tickets, hotel reservations
- Processing - check availability,
produce documents
- Inputs - dates, destinations,
credit card details
- Satnav
- Inputs - signals form satellites,
inputs from user
- Processing - check position,
locate on map, output map
- Outputs - route, places of
interest, warnings
- Outputs - route, places of
interest, warnings
- Processing - check position,
locate on map, output map
- Inputs - signals form satellites,
inputs from user
- Holiday booking
- Computer
- Systems receive INPUTS
- PROCESS these inputs
- OUTPUT the result of the processing
- OUTPUT the result of the processing
- PROCESS these inputs
- Importance of Computer Systems
- Improved quality of manufacturing
- Cheaper manufacturing
- Faster access to information
- Better decision making
- New ways of doing buisness
- New ways of communicating
- Improved quality of manufacturing
- Types of Computer System
- General-purpose systems
- Designed to perform multiple
tasks using various applications
e.g. laptops, iphones
- Designed to perform multiple
tasks using various applications
e.g. laptops, iphones
- Dedicated systems
- Perform a single function or set of functions e.g. train ticket-vending machine
- Perform a single function or set of functions e.g. train ticket-vending machine
- Control systems
- Control machinery and are important in manufacturing processes
- Control machinery and are important in manufacturing processes
- Embedded systems
- Part of a larger system
(usually control systems)
- They include portable devices like satnavs and
camera, but also larger installations like traffic lights
- Can be very simple or highly complex
- Can be very simple or highly complex
- They include portable devices like satnavs and
camera, but also larger installations like traffic lights
- Part of a larger system
(usually control systems)
- Expert systems
- Behave like a human expert
- Used for diagnosing
diseases, finding faults
in machinery, etc.
- Used for diagnosing
diseases, finding faults
in machinery, etc.
- They have three
component parts:
- 1) A knowledge base (a database of facts)
- 2) An inference engine (software
that makes deductions using the
knowledge base)
- 3) An interface (to allow a
human user access the system)
- 1) A knowledge base (a database of facts)
- Behave like a human expert
- General-purpose systems
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