China ~ Antinatalism

Issues
1. Demographic structure
  1. Ageing population
    1. Population Pyramids
  2. Shortage of an economically active age group
    1. Less people taking over the jobs
2. Gender Structure
  1. Higher male ratio compared to females
  2. By 2020, 30 million men will be unable to find a wife and have a child
3. Civil Liberties and Human Rights
  1. Women, for a brief period of time, whom were pregnant were often forced to have an abortion or sterilization
    1. This was at the beginning of the policy
  2. "Granny Police"
    1. People used to spy on families suspected to be hidding a pregnancy
4. Little Emperor Syndrome
  1. Indulged men whom are arrogant and lack social skills
5. Civil Unrest
  1. In rural areas males were needed more to help with the manual labor
  2. Reports of...
    1. Gender selective abortions
    2. Hidden Children
    3. Abandonned Girls
    4. Female Infanticide (Rare)
The Policy
1. Failure
  1. criticisms about human rights (not only freedom of choice but forced abortions and sterilizations)
  2. "Female Problems"
    1. Infanticide
    2. Sex Imbalance 117:100
    3. Child Abandonment
  3. Increase in the dependancy load
    1. A large portion of the population will be older than 65
      1. Shortage of workers to take over the jobs left by this population group
    2. The population, however is still going to reach 1.3 billion and will still grow
  4. "Little Emperors Syndrome"
    1. The only child is spoiled
  5. The policy is open to corruption
    1. Bribes to have another child
2. Success
  1. The fertility rate has declined
    1. 6 / women to 1.7 / women
  2. The populations growth rate has declined
    1. 1960's : 2.61%
    2. Today : 0.65%
  3. The birth rate has declined
    1. Went from 45 / 1000 to 13 / 1000
History
1. 1953
  1. The first census occurred : 583 million people
2. 1970
  1. An attempt to slow down the population
    1. Slogan: "Later, longer, fewer."
    2. Encouraged people to have 2 children only
3. 1979
  1. The one child policy is introduced
4. 2010
  1. The population reaches 1.335 billion people
5. 1953 - 1964
  1. The population increased by 112 million people
  2. Mao Zedong encouraged people to have a larger family to make China stronger
Mechanisms
1. Introducing laws to the Han majority to reduce the number of births
  1. 90% of the population
  2. Does not include he minority groups
    1. The policy does not apply to the minority groups
2. Cash Bonuses
  1. improved housing
  2. education
  3. free health care
    1. free birth control and family planning advice
3. Age limits for mariage certificates
  1. A couple must apply for a marriage certificate
    1. The later a couple gets married the chances of having a child gets slimmer
4. Housing of more than one child can lead to...
  1. loss of benefits
  2. financial penalty
    1. This can be three times a persons salary

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China ~ Antinatalism

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