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Biology Chapter 1 AQA Additional Science
- Animal and Plant Cells
- Most human cells are like normal animal cells, they
contain a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes and mitochondria.
- Plant cells mostly have the same components
as animal cells, but also a cell wall, a vacuole
and chloroplasts.
- Most human cells are like normal animal cells, they
contain a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, ribosomes and mitochondria.
- Bacteria and Yeast
- A bacteria cell contains a cytoplasm, a cell membrane and a cell wall.
The genes are not in a distinct nucleus!
- Yeast is a single celled organism
each cell consists of a nucleus,
cytoplasm, and a membrane, they
also have a cell wall.
- The anaerobic respiration
of yeast is also referred to
as fermentation!
- A bacteria cell contains a cytoplasm, a cell membrane and a cell wall.
The genes are not in a distinct nucleus!
- Specialised Cells
- Examples of these are sperm cells, fat cells,
cone cells and also root hair cells.
- When a cell is specialised it means it has been adapted or
created to do a specific job.
- Other examples are red blood cells, egg cells and nere
cells (neurons).
- Examples of these are sperm cells, fat cells,
cone cells and also root hair cells.
- Diffusion
- Substances that are dissolved such as oxygen move
in and out of cells through diffusion.
- Diffusion is the movement of particles from a high to a low concentration
through a semi-permable membrane.
- Diffusion is faster when the difference in
concentration is higher.
- Substances that are dissolved such as oxygen move
in and out of cells through diffusion.
- Tissues and Organs
- A tissue is simply a group of cells with a similar function.
- Tissues are what organs are made up of. There may be
different types of tissue in one organ.
- A tissue is simply a group of cells with a similar function.
- Organ Systems
- An organ system is
a group of organs
assigned to a
specific function.
- Some examples are: Digestive System
and the Central Nervous System.
- Plant organs include; Stem, roots and leaves.
- An organ system is
a group of organs
assigned to a
specific function.
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