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Beschreibung
Mindmap von zakbarwell, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von zakbarwell
vor mehr als 10 Jahre
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The earth in the universe
- The Solar System
- Formed around 5000 million years ago
- Started off as clouds of dust and gas
- Pulled together by forces of gravity
- Nuclear fusion created the sun
- Nuclear fusion created the sun
- Pulled together by forces of gravity
- Smaller masses of the solar system:
- Planets - 8 large masses that orbit the sun
- Moons - small masses orbit planets
- Asteroids - rocky masses orbit the sun
- Planets - 8 large masses that orbit the sun
- Formed around 5000 million years ago
- The Sun
- Suns energy comes from nuclear fusion
- Hydrogen nuclei fuse together to produce nucleus with larger mass
- Suns energy comes from nuclear fusion
- Speed of Light
- Speed of light: 300,000km/s
- Vast distance measured in Light Years
- We see things as it was in the past
- We see things as it was in the past
- Nearest galaxy 2.2 million light years away
- Speed of light: 300,000km/s
- Measuring Distances in Space
- Relative Brightness
- Dimmer the star is further away it is
- But stars vary in brightness so can never be 100%
- Dimmer the star is further away it is
- Parallax
- Stars measured at 6 month intervals
- Measurements then used to calculate distance from earth
- Measurements then used to calculate distance from earth
- The closer a star the more it will move
- Stars measured at 6 month intervals
- Relative Brightness
- Distant Stars
- Everything we know about stars are from; Radiation (Ultraviolet and infrared), Visible Light.
- Light pollution from all our electric lights make it hard to see stars
- Everything we know about stars are from; Radiation (Ultraviolet and infrared), Visible Light.
- Redshift
- If a wave is moving away/towards a observer, there will be a change in frequenxy and wavelength
- If a source of light moves away from an observer, the wavelengths of light in its spectrum are longer than if it wasn't moving
- This is known as REDSHIFT, because the wave lengths 'shift' towards the red end of the spectrum.
- This is known as REDSHIFT, because the wave lengths 'shift' towards the red end of the spectrum.
- If a wave is moving away/towards a observer, there will be a change in frequenxy and wavelength
- Continental Drift
- Alfred Wegener came up with the theory
- he saw that all continents fitted together like a jigsaw
- he found that the rock types and fossils were the same as if they did all fit together
- Alfred Wegener came up with the theory
- Waves
- Longitudinal
- The motion of the wave is backwards and forwards
- Sound travels in longitudinal waves
- The motion of the wave is backwards and forwards
- Transverse
- The motion of the wave, angles of the particles are 90 degrees
- Light and water travel in transverse waves
- The motion of the wave, angles of the particles are 90 degrees
- Features
- Amplitude - From the undisturbed position line to the crest.
- Wavelength - Distance between corresponding points on 2 adjacent disturbances
- Frequency - Number of waves passing through a point in one second
- Amplitude - From the undisturbed position line to the crest.
- Longitudinal
- Tectonic Plates
- Conservative Plate boundaries - When plates slide past each other and huge stress and strain builds up and is eventually released
- Constructive Plate Boundaries - when the plates move away from each other leaving the magma to rise the solidifying creating more land
- Destructive Plate Boundaries - As plater move towards eachother one is forced under and the other one is pushed up creating volcanoes
- Conservative Plate boundaries - When plates slide past each other and huge stress and strain builds up and is eventually released
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