Topic 7: People and the Biosphere by Dylan Poole

Key Words
1. Abiotic - the non living part of the biosphere
2. Biotic - the living part of the biosphere
3. Altitude - how high something is
4. Atmosphere - a mixture of gases surrounding the Earth
5. Decay - rot or decompose
6. Biomass - biological material derived from living or reently living organisms
7. Biome - a formation of plants and animals that have similar charcateristics
8. Biosphere - the 'living layer' of the Earth
9. Climate - the weather conditions in a certain area
10. Latitude - the distance of a place North or South of the equator
11. Natural Resources - materials or substcnces occuring in nature
12. Urbanisation - the increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities
13. Flora - plants Fauna - animals
Factors Affecting Biome Distribution
1. Rock and Soil Type - affects how fertile different areas are in a biome
2. Altitude - different plants grow at different temperatures
3. Rainfall - different plants will grow with different amounts of rainfall
4. Ocean Currents
5. Atmospheric Pressure Belts
6. Wind
7. Distance from the sea - this affects the temperature and amount of rainfall
8. Drainage - few plants grow in boggy areas
9. Proximity to the Poles
10. Latitude
Valuing the biosphere
1. the biosphere is valued at roughly $4-6 trillion per year
2. Goods - physical materials
3. Services - a function or role
Goods and Services
1. Goods
  1. Fish, Meat, Fruit, Nuts, Berries
  2. Drugs to cure diabetes and drugs to fight cancer
  3. Plants used to make general medicines
  4. Timber, bamboo, rubber, water, oil and gas
2. Services
  1. A home for endangered animals
  2. Trees absorb Carbon Dioxode
  3. Indiginous people live in the Rainforest as they have done for centuries
  4. >50% biological diversity on Earth found in tropical rainforest
  5. Holidays
  6. Nutrients for soil
  7. Help control the hydrological cycle
Increase of demand for resources
1. Larger/Increasing Population - there's more people using up the resources
2. Increasing Average Wealth - people are buying more resources
3. Urbanisation - natural resources being destroyed with more cities being built
Human activities exploiting the biosphere
1. Deforestation
2. Mining
3. Quarrying
4. Farming
5. Overfishing
Malthus and Boserup
1. Graph Showing the Contradicting Views
2. Malthus believed the population would grow so large we wouldn't have enough resources
3. Boserup Believed that we would invent new ways of gaining resources and would be fine
Role of the Biosphere regulating...
1. the Carbon Cycle
  1. it regulates the gases that make up the atmosphere by plants absorbing C02 and giving out Oxygen
2. Hydrological Cycle
  1. plants slow the flow of water to rivers and filter water
3. Nutrient Cycle
  1. Rotting plant material provides new nutrients for plants to grow

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Topic 7: People and the Biosphere by Dylan Poole

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