Chemistry

Chemistry

AS 2014-2015
Unit 1
1. Topic 1
  1. 1.1
    1. Atoms
      1. Nucleus
        Protons
        Sub-atomic particle with + charge
        Neutrons
        Neutral charge sub-atomic particle
      2. Electrons
        Sub-atomic particle with - charge.
        Orbits the nucleus
      3. Element
        Substance can't be broken down chemically into simpler substances
      4. Atomic Number
        Number of Protons in an atom of an element
      5. Mass Number
        The number of neutrons plus the number of protons in nucleus
      6. SMALLEST COMPLETE UNIT OF ELEMENT. CONSISTS OF NUCLEUS AND ELECTRONS
    2. Isotopes
      1. ATOMS OF THE SAME ELEMENT WITH THE SAME ATOMIC NUMBER BUT WITH DIFFERENT NUMBER OF NEUTRONS GIVING THEM DIFFERENT MASS NUMBERS
      2. Physical Properties
        Properties which don't involve the chemical nature of the element or compound
      3. Chemical Properties
        Properties which affect the way in which an element or compound reacts with other substances
      4. some of isotopes's nuclei are unstable and undergo radioactive decay.
        Unstable
        Forces that make up the nucleus are unbalanced and there is an excess of internal energy.
        Be radioactive as unstable nucleus emits radiation to become stable
  2. 1.2
    1. BONDING
      1. Ionic Bonding
        Chemical bond formed when atoms gain or lose electrons to form positive or negative ions
        Loss or gain in electrons give the ion a complete outer shell of electrons
        ION
        An atom which has lost or gained electrons to take a positive or negative charge.
        ionic bonds
        Strong force attraction between oppositely charged ions formed during ionic bonding.
        Electrostatic forces holding two oppositely charge ions together
      2. Covalent bonding
        Chemical bond formed when two or more atoms share electrons to gain a full, stable outer shell
      3. Covalent bonds
        Strong bonds which result from sharing electrons during covalent bonding
    2. Representing chemical reactiosn
  3. 1.3
  4. 1.4
  5. 1.5
  6. 1.6
  7. 1.7
  8. 1.8
  9. 1.9
2. Topic 2
3. Topic 3
4. Topic 4
5. Topic 5
6. Topic 6
7. Topic 7
Unit 2
1. Topic 1
2. Topic 2
3. Topic 3
4. Topic 4
5. Topic 5
6. Topic 6
7. Topic 7
8. Topic 11
9. Topic 10
10. Topic 8
11. Topic 9

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