Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Causes of the Reformation
- Long Term causes
- New ways of thinking
- External Influence
- Crusades
- Voyages, European exploration of America
- Doubt of church
- Revival of ancient Greek and Roman spirit
- Printing Press: SPread ideas without intervention by Church
- Church
- Declining influence of the church
- plague: church couldn't explain the cause
- rebellion of peasants against masters
- declining of the Pope's power
- taxation (King Philip IV)
- Pope "held captive" in France for 70 years
- Separate Popes for French/Italian Church
- exploitation of people's believes in order to make money
- People denounce Pope as Christ's representative
- John Wycliffe (English priest and professor)
- Lollards Movement
- John Huss spreads movement in Bohemia
- Executed by Holy Roman Emperor
- Hussite Wars
- Short Term
causes
- Martin Luther
- Reformer with large group of openly supportive followers
- Questioning of selling of indulgences
- ordered by Pope Leo X for construction cost of St. Peter's chrch
- openly criticized and defied church and emperor
- 95 Theses on the church of wittenberg
- refused to take back anything in front of the imperial council