Zusammenfassung der Ressource
The 18th century:
foundations of the
Contemporary Period
- Political liberalism and
enlightened despotism
- Political
liberalism
- Thinkers
- Montesquieu
- Absoluted
monarchies
- Voltaire
- Religious
fanaticism
- Rousseau
- Social
inequality
- John
Locke
- Enlightened
despotism
- Variant of
absolutism
- Idea of
Progress
- Series
- Political
- Economic
- Regalism
- Economic
liberalism
- Adam Smith
- Economic
liberalism
- Technological and
scientific advances
- Technology
- James Watt
- Cartwright
- Science
- D.G.
Fahrenheit
- C. Linnaeus
- A.Lavoisier
- A.Volta
- A.Celsius
- B.Franklin
- François
Quesnay
- Opposed to
mercantilism
- Theory of
physiocracy
- Europe and the Enlightenment
- Europe in the 18th
century
- Monarchs
- Gained
power
- Absolute
monarchies
- Exceptions
- England
- Constitutional
monarchies
- Netherlands
- Wars
- Hegemony in
Europe
- Conflicts
- Colonies
- Control of trade
routes
- Reafirmation of th world
greatest economic power
- Ports
- London
- Hamburg
- Marseille
- Rivers
- Elbe
- Rhine
- Danube
- Increase of
population
- 120 million =>1710
- 187 million =>1789
- Social changes
- Intensified European
expansion
- Cities
expanded
- Urban working class
increased
- Middle class
accumulate wealth
- The
Enlightenment
- Philosophical
movement
- France
- Characterised
by
- Rationalism
- Political absolutism
and religious ortodoxy
- Criticism
- Influenced
- Descartes
- Age of
enlightenment
- Darkness of
middle Ages
- Thinkers
- John Locke
- Descartes
- Voltaire
- Immanuel Kant
- Adam
Smith
- Principles
- Tolerance
- Reason
- Happiness
- New society
- Freedom
- Progress