6689900
Beschreibung
Mindmap von Anna Logan, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Anna Logan
vor etwa 8 Jahre
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Teaching ESL:
Approaches & Methods
- Approaches vs. Methods
- Approaches
- A theory or theoretical
framework that guides
a teacher's choice of
methods, strategies,
and techniques.
- Methods
- A group of
strategies and
techniques
that a teacher
implements in
the classroom.
- A group of
strategies and
techniques
that a teacher
implements in
the classroom.
- Methods
- A theory or theoretical
framework that guides
a teacher's choice of
methods, strategies,
and techniques.
- Approaches
- Grammatical Approach
- This approach
focuses on
the rules and
structure of
the target
language.
- Teacher-centered
- Teacher-centered
- 1. Grammar Translation
Method
- This method involves
students translating
passages from
another language into
the target language.
The focus is on
grammatical accuracy,
not meaning.
- This method involves
students translating
passages from
another language into
the target language.
The focus is on
grammatical accuracy,
not meaning.
- 2. Direct Method
- This method
includes the use of
memorization of
certain language
structures and
repetitive practice.
The intent is to
internalize
grammatical
patterns.
- This method
includes the use of
memorization of
certain language
structures and
repetitive practice.
The intent is to
internalize
grammatical
patterns.
- 3. Audiolingual
Method
- This method
involves
students
practicing
patterned
dialogue drills.
The goal is
to make the
new language
a habit.
- This method
involves
students
practicing
patterned
dialogue drills.
The goal is
to make the
new language
a habit.
- Behaviorist
Perspective
- This approach
focuses on
the rules and
structure of
the target
language.
- Communicative Approach
- Cognitivist
Perspective
- This approach
focuses on students
communicating and
constructing meaning
within the learning
environment created
by the teacher.
- Student-centered
- Student-centered
- 1. Silent Way
- The teacher is
mostly silent
in this method
to provide
opportunities
for the
students to
communicate
in the target
language.
- The teacher is
mostly silent
in this method
to provide
opportunities
for the
students to
communicate
in the target
language.
- 2. Natural Way
- This method
emphasizes
comprehension
before
production of
the target
language.
- This method
emphasizes
comprehension
before
production of
the target
language.
- 3. Suggestopedia
- This method
strives to
lower the
affective filter
by creating a
low-stress
learning
environment.
- This method
strives to
lower the
affective filter
by creating a
low-stress
learning
environment.
- 4. Integrated-Content Based (ICB)
- This method is based on
thematic units that teach both
linguistic and academic
content at the same time.
- This method is based on
thematic units that teach both
linguistic and academic
content at the same time.
- 5. Sheltered Instruction (SIOP)
- This standards-based method involves the
use of content standards as well as second
language acquisition standards from TESOL
or WIDA. Language and content instruction
is scaffolded through the use of visuals and
interactive learning experiences.
- This standards-based method involves the
use of content standards as well as second
language acquisition standards from TESOL
or WIDA. Language and content instruction
is scaffolded through the use of visuals and
interactive learning experiences.
- Cognitivist
Perspective
- Cognitive Approach
- Social Constructivist
Perspective
- The approach
focuses on students
developing
understanding
through meaningful
interaction.
- Student-centered
- Student-centered
- 1. CALLA
- This goal of this method is to prepare students
to be successful in academic content areas. It
targets major content areas, development of
academic language, and instruction about
learning strategies. There is a heavy emphasis
on connecting learning to prior knowledge
through experiential learning opportunities.
- This goal of this method is to prepare students
to be successful in academic content areas. It
targets major content areas, development of
academic language, and instruction about
learning strategies. There is a heavy emphasis
on connecting learning to prior knowledge
through experiential learning opportunities.
- Social Constructivist
Perspective
- Sources
- Herrera, S. G., & Murry, K. G. (2016). Mastering ESL/EFL methods:
Differentiated instruction for culturally and linguistically diverse
(CLD) students (3rd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
- Chamot, A. U. (2009). The CALLA handbook (2nd ed.). White Plains, NY: Pearson.
- Herrera, S. G., & Murry, K. G. (2016). Mastering ESL/EFL methods:
Differentiated instruction for culturally and linguistically diverse
(CLD) students (3rd ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
Medienanhänge
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