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Gandhi's Campaigns 1930-1932
- December 1929
- Purna
Swaraj
- Made an official aim of
Congress (J. Nehru
Congress President)
- Made an official aim of
Congress (J. Nehru
Congress President)
- Purna
Swaraj
- Salt March - March 1930
- Aim: Boycott the salt tax
- Tax made by the British on an
essential part of Indian's diet
due to hot climate
- Walked 400km with 78 supporters
from his ashram (small religious
community) to the sea at Dandi Beach
- Gandhi had a gathering before
the march which attracted
75,000 people
- Gandhi had a gathering before
the march which attracted
75,000 people
- British Response
- Salt Production Works
at Dharasana - 2000
demonstrators were
attacked by police using
lathis (steel-tipped cane)
- 2 people were
killed and 320
were injured
- 2 people were
killed and 320
were injured
- Salt Production Works
at Dharasana - 2000
demonstrators were
attacked by police using
lathis (steel-tipped cane)
- Tax made by the British on an
essential part of Indian's diet
due to hot climate
- Aim: Boycott the salt tax
- Mass Civil Disobedience
- 20,000 people arrested
including Gandhi
- 20,000 people arrested
including Gandhi
- 1st Round Table Conference - 12th November 1930
- Failure: Gandhi and Congress
didn't attend
- Shows Gandhi's Importance
- Shows Gandhi's Importance
- 16 Princes, 57 representatives:
Muslims, Sikhs and Untouchables
attended,
- Agreed on being
reserved seats
and heading
towards dominion
status
- Failure: Gandhi and Congress
didn't attend
- Gandhi-Irwin Pact - March 1931
- Gandhi's Side
- Civil Disobedience movement would be halted
- Civil Disobedience scared the
British. Pushed them into
negotiation!
- Suggests Gandhi is of a similar status to
the Viceroy!!
- Suggests Gandhi is of a similar status to
the Viceroy!!
- Civil Disobedience scared the
British. Pushed them into
negotiation!
- Congress would participate
in round table conferences
- Civil Disobedience movement would be halted
- Irwin's Side
- Police brutality
inquiry would held
- Political prisoners not
guilty of violent crime
would be released
- Fines cancelled, other
restrictions lifted, banned
organisations would be unbanned
- Gov.t promised that all future
changes would be in the
interests of India itself
- Police brutality
inquiry would held
- Gandhi's Side
- 2nd Round Table Conference
September 1931
- Congress demanded and
instructed Purna Swaraj
- Gandhi says he is speaking for
ALL Indians
- No need for reserved
seats
- Angered Muslims,
Untouchables, Sikhs
and Princes
- Angered Muslims,
Untouchables, Sikhs
and Princes
- No need for reserved
seats
- Ended in
disagreement
- Congress demanded and
instructed Purna Swaraj
- Gandhi re-arrested and Civil
Disobedience restarts
- Brutality had continued in Bengal
after the 2nd Round Table
Conference
- Viceroy Willingdon saw this as an opportunity to
strengthen the weak position of Lord Irwin therefore
Gandhi was arrested.
- Viceroy Willingdon saw this as an opportunity to
strengthen the weak position of Lord Irwin therefore
Gandhi was arrested.
- Shows British didn't think much of pact
- Took what they wanted (Gandhi being
arrested) and then broke it
- Took what they wanted (Gandhi being
arrested) and then broke it
- Brutality had continued in Bengal
after the 2nd Round Table
Conference
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