680114
Beschreibung
Mindmap von samantha_x, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von samantha_x
vor mehr als 10 Jahre
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Biological Approach of Abnormality
- this model assumes that all mental disorders
are related to some change in the body. Some
illnesses may be caused by one or four
possible factors:
- Infection:
- some bacterial or viral infections can lead to psychological syndromes
- Brown et al (2004) suggested that around 14% if schizophrenia cases
can be linked to the foetus' exposure to influenza in the first trimester
of pregnancy
- Brown et al (2004) suggested that around 14% if schizophrenia cases
can be linked to the foetus' exposure to influenza in the first trimester
of pregnancy
- some bacterial or viral infections can lead to psychological syndromes
- Genetic Factors:
- Zimbardo et al (1995) found that identical twins had a 48% conordance
rate for schizophrenia compared to 17% of non- identical twins
- Zimbardo et al (1995) found that identical twins had a 48% conordance
rate for schizophrenia compared to 17% of non- identical twins
- Biochemistry
- neurotransmitters: chemicals that
enable impulses in the brain.
Transmit from one area of the brain
to another
- some forms of psychopathy involve imbalance of bio-chemicals (hormones
released from the endocrine system
- lower levels of serotonin have been linked
with depression and high levels of
dopamine os linked with schizophrenia
- lower levels of serotonin have been linked
with depression and high levels of
dopamine os linked with schizophrenia
- some forms of psychopathy involve imbalance of bio-chemicals (hormones
released from the endocrine system
- neurotransmitters: chemicals that
enable impulses in the brain.
Transmit from one area of the brain
to another
- Brain damage
- biological psychologists see the brain as central to behaviour, meaning problems
with development or damage can lead to melfunctions, meaning psychopathology
may result
- Alzeimer's is a degenerative brain disease that can lead to dementia
- Alzeimer's is a degenerative brain disease that can lead to dementia
- biological psychologists see the brain as central to behaviour, meaning problems
with development or damage can lead to melfunctions, meaning psychopathology
may result
- Infection:
- methods of investigating the biological approach
- experiments:
- if patients fare better when given a drug
which alters brain chemistry, this outcome is
taken to show the importance if biochemical
changes in that disorder
- Kirsch et al - reviewed 38 studies of antidepressants and found that
patients who recieved placebos fared almost as well as those getting
real drugs
- Kirsch et al - reviewed 38 studies of antidepressants and found that
patients who recieved placebos fared almost as well as those getting
real drugs
- if patients fare better when given a drug
which alters brain chemistry, this outcome is
taken to show the importance if biochemical
changes in that disorder
- correlational studies
- because its impractical (and immoral) to carry out experiments to test for genetic
inheritance, psychologists rely on correlations to investigate the relationship between
heredity and the development of mental disorders
- correlational studies provide a comparison of the frequencies of mental disorders in
various populations e.g. children and their parents, but do not demonstrate cause and
effect
- correlational studies provide a comparison of the frequencies of mental disorders in
various populations e.g. children and their parents, but do not demonstrate cause and
effect
- because its impractical (and immoral) to carry out experiments to test for genetic
inheritance, psychologists rely on correlations to investigate the relationship between
heredity and the development of mental disorders
- experiments:
- limitations
- the avaliable evidence does not support a simple cause and effect link between mental
illness (schizophrenia) and altered brain chemistry e.g. schizophrenia is associated with an
excess of the brain neurotransmitter dopamine but some studies of schizophrenic patients
show reduced levels of dopamine in the brain tissues, - meaning there may be simultaneous
excesses and dificiencies in different parts of the brain
- the avaliable evidence does not support a simple cause and effect link between mental
illness (schizophrenia) and altered brain chemistry e.g. schizophrenia is associated with an
excess of the brain neurotransmitter dopamine but some studies of schizophrenic patients
show reduced levels of dopamine in the brain tissues, - meaning there may be simultaneous
excesses and dificiencies in different parts of the brain
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