Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Hardware and software
- Hardware
- electrical or
electro-mechanical
parts
- input devices
- output devices
- storage
devices
- Software
- System software
- operating system
- set of programs between
application software and
computer hardware
- functions
- resource
management
- managing computer hardware
- provision of
user interface
Anmerkungen:
- (e.g. Windows) to allow users to perform tasks, e.g.
running application software, changing settings on the computer, downloading and installing new software
- = software needed to run
the computer's hardware
and application
programs
- utility programs
- designed to optimise the
performance of computer
- OR perform tasks
- backing up files
- encrypting data before transmission
- providing a firewall
- disk defragmenter
Anmerkungen:
- a program that reorganises a hard disk
Files split up into blocks and stored all over the disk get recombined in a single series of sequential blocks
- Makes reading a file faster
- virus checker
Anmerkungen:
- checks hard drive, and possibly incoming emails and internet downloads, for viruses and removes them
- libraries
Anmerkungen:
- in windows, often have a .dll extension
- ready-compiled
programs
- grouped together in
software libraries
- Many compiled
languages have their
own libraries which
can be invoked in the
user's programs
- programming
language
translators
- compilers
- interpreters
- assemblers
- translate program code into machine code
- Application
software
- general-purpose
Anmerkungen:
- e.g. word processor, spreadsheet, graphics package
can be used for many different purposes
- special purpose
Anmerkungen:
- performs a single specific task or set of tasks
- e.g. payroll and accounts packages, hotel booking systems, fingerprint scanning systems, browser software
- Software may be bought "off-the-shelf", ready to use, or it may be specially written by a team of programmers for a particular organisation
- custom-written
(bespoke)
Anmerkungen:
- more expensive than ready-made package