Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Freud
- Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
- Vienna, psychatrist
- Collected information from patients on feelings/experiences
- Developed psychoanalytic/psychodynamic approach
- Psychodynamic approach emphasises psychodynamics of mind
- Different forces operate in mind and may cause painful inner turmoil
- Typical research method is individual case studies
- Generalisations about mental life
- Many inner conflicts said to have roots in early childhood
- Used free association to bring traumatic experiences into consciousness
- Confronted both intellectually and emotionally
- Freud's theory of development has 3 strands
- Driving force (e.g. pleasure principle)
- Personality structure (e.g. id)
- Organ-focus (e.g. oral stage)
- Explanation of behaviour
- Interaction between innate drives (e.g.
pleasure) and early experiences (stress on
how much early desires were gratified)
- Conflicts between desires and experiences lead to
ongoing behaviour
- Theory of psychoanalysis emphasised early experience,
ego defences and unconscious