Adaptation

Adaptation

Desert
1. Animals
  1. Large surface area compared to volume
    1. Stops overheating
  2. Efficent with water
    1. Little Sweat
    2. Small amounts of urine
  3. Good in hot conditions
    1. Thin fat layers
      1. Helps lose body heat
  4. Camouflage
    1. Avoid Predators
    2. Sneak up on prey
2. Plants
  1. Small Surface Area compared to Volume
    1. Spines to reduce water loss
    2. Reduces Water Loss
  2. Water Storage Tissues
    1. Cactus stores water in its thick stem
  3. Maximising water Absorption
    1. Shallow but extensive roots
Arctic
1. Small surface area compared to volume
  1. Reduces heat loss
2. Insulated
  1. Thick Blubber
  2. Thick hairy coats
3. Camouflage
  1. Avoid Predators
  2. Sneak up on prey
Competition
1. Plants
  1. Light, space, minerals from soil
2. Animals
  1. Space, food, water, mates
Environmental Changes
1. Living Factors
  1. Change in occurrence of infectious diseases
  2. Change in number of predators
  3. Change in number of prey and available food sources
  4. Change in number of competitors
2. Non-Living Factors
  1. Change in average temperature
  2. Change in average rainfall
  3. Change in air/water pollution levels
3. Affects
  1. Population Size Increase
    1. More prey=more predators
  2. Population Size Decrease
    1. Less food available
  3. Population Distribution Changes
    1. Organism moves where it lives
Indicator Species
1. Herbivore
  1. Only eats plants
2. Carnivore
  1. Only eats meat
3. Omnivore
  1. Eats plants and meat
4. Producer
  1. Produces the Food
5. Consumer
  1. Eats the Food
6. Detrivore
  1. Eats dead matter
7. Measuring
  1. Living Indicators
    1. Lichen-air pollution
      1. Indicate how clean the air is
    2. Mayfly Larvae-water pollution
      1. Finding them indicates clean water
Plants
1. Detering Predators
  1. Armour-thorns, spines, shells
  2. Poisons
  3. Warning colours (e.g. wasps)
2. Extremeophiles
  1. Organisms living in extreme environments
3. Environment
  1. Glucose Stored in Leaves
  2. CO2 absorbed in leaves
  3. Roots absorb water & nutrients

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	Erstellt von I Turner vor fast 11 Jahre