Main cause of 1905 Rev. Continued

Army
1. Contribution
  1. Defeats in Russo Japanese War highlighted weaknesses
    1. Caused national humiliation
      1. Contributed to outbreak of revolution
  2. Mutinies
    1. E.g. battle Potemkin
    2. Spread to other units
    3. 1/3 army weakened by mutiny
2. Counter- arguments
  1. Army remained loyal to the Tsar
    1. Used to restore order in cities
      1. Killed over 1000 people
      2. Arrests, crushed riot/strikes
  2. Helped after Treaty of Portsmouth was signed
    1. Suppressed protests
Tsar Nicholas and the Govt
1. Role in causing rev.
  1. Bloody Sunday
    1. Responded to peaceful protest with violence
      1. Shocked/provoked anger
  2. Culmination of years of unrest/discontent
    1. B/c of autocracy
  3. Took Russia into Russo Japanese War
    1. Highlighted weaknesses
      1. Despair turned to anger
    2. Caused economic problems
    3. Working class conditions worsened
  4. Sergei Witte industrialisation
    1. Worsened working class conditions
      1. Overpopulation
      2. Unsanitary
  5. Took no action to reverse Alexander III's reforms
  6. Decisions (e.g. BS) led to revolution quicker
  7. Unwillingness to make concessions/Oppressive Rule resulted in growing opposition
  8. Tsar's personality
    1. Shy, easily led and narrow minded
      1. Had a Conservative view b/c of Pobedonostsev
        Couldn't sympathise with political groups
      2. Not suited to role
2. Counter arguments
  1. Inherited discontent with his role
    1. E.g. Russification, Emancipation
    2. Created under father's reign
  2. Tsar alone could not be blamed
    1. Many believed Tsar would be superior against Japan

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Main cause of 1905 Rev. Continued

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