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Biology: B2a
- Cells
- Plant cell
- Cytoplasm: Gel-like
substance where
most of the chemical
reactions take place
- Mitochondria:
Where
respiration
takes place
- Nucleus:
Contains
genetic material
that controls
the activities of
the cell
- Ribosomes:
Where
proteins are
made
- Cell
membrane:
Holds the cell
together and
controls what
goes in and out
- Cell wall: Made of
cellulose, supports
and strengthens the
cell
- Vacuole:
Contains cells
sap (a weak
solution of salts
and sugars)
- Chloroplasts:
Where
photosynthesis
occurs which
makes food for the
plant
- Cytoplasm: Gel-like
substance where
most of the chemical
reactions take place
- Animal cell
- Nucleus: Contains genetic
material that controls the
activities of the cell
- Cytoplasm: Gel-like
substance where
most of the chemical
reactions take place
- Cell membrane:
Holds the cell
together and
controls what goes
in and out
- Mitochondria:
Where respiration
takes place
- Ribosomes:
Where
proteins are
made
- Nucleus: Contains genetic
material that controls the
activities of the cell
- Plant cell
- Diffusion
- "The spreading out of particles from an
area of high concentration to low
concentration"
- Happens in liquids and gases
- Dissolved substances
can move in and out of
a cell via diffusion
- Big molecules like proteins and
starch can't fit through the cell
membrane
- Molecules that
can dissolve
through the cell
membrane eg.
oxygen, glucose,
amino acids and
water
- "The spreading out of particles from an
area of high concentration to low
concentration"
- Specialised cells
- Palisade leaf cell
- Sperm cell
- Egg cell
- Red blood cells
- Guard cells
- Palisade leaf cell
- Cell organisation
- Cell
- Tissue
- Organ
- Organ
system
- Organ
system
- Organ
- Tissue
- Cell
- Plant structure and photosynthesis
- Parts of a plant leaves (tissues etc.)
- Mesophyll tissue: Where most of the photosynthesis occurs
- Xylem and
phloem: Transport
water, mineral
ions and sucrose
- Epidermal tissue: Covers the whole plant
- Mesophyll tissue: Where most of the photosynthesis occurs
- The rate of photosynthesis
- Carbon dioxide + water ---> glucose + oxygen
- Limiting factors (depending
on environmental conditions)
- Light (at night)
- Sometimes carbon dioxide
- Temperature in winter
- Light (at night)
- Enzymes denature if the
temperature is too high
or low
- Carbon dioxide + water ---> glucose + oxygen
- How plants use glucose
- For respiration
- Making cell walls
- Making proteins
- Stored as starch
- Stored in seeds
- For respiration
- Parts of a plant leaves (tissues etc.)
- The distribution of organisms
- Organisms live in different
places because the
environment varies
- This depends on
temperature,
availability of water,
availability of
oxygen and carbon
dioxide, availability
of nutrients and
water, amount of
light etc.
- This depends on
temperature,
availability of water,
availability of
oxygen and carbon
dioxide, availability
of nutrients and
water, amount of
light etc.
- Quadrats are used
to study the
distribution of small
organisms
- Transects are
used to study the
distribution of
organisms along
a line
- Organisms live in different
places because the
environment varies
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