Electrical Energy 2

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GCSE Physics P1 (Electrical Energy 2) Mindmap am Electrical Energy 2, erstellt von sanakaka2 am 06/05/2013.
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Electrical Energy 2
  1. Making Electricity
    1. All electricity is made in the power stations
      1. In a coal or oil-fired power station, the burning fuel heats water in a boiler to produce steam. The steam drives a turbine that turns an electricity generator
        1. In a gas-fired power station, we burn natural gas directly in a gas turbine engine. This produces a powerful jet of hot gases and air that drives the turbine
          1. We use nuclear fission to obtain electricity from a nuclear power station
            1. Nuclear fission works by the following process:
              1. - The fuel in a nuclear power station is uranium
                1. - The uranium fuel is contained in sealed cans in the core of the reactor
                  1. - The nucleus of the uranium atom is unstable and can split in two
                    1. - When this does happen, energy is released
        2. After nuclear fission has taken place, thermal energy of the core is taken away by coolant that is pumped through the core. The coolant is very hot when it leaves the core. It flows through a pipe to a heat exchanger, then back to the reactor core. The thermal energy of the coolant is used to turn water into steam in the heat exchanger. The steam drives the turbines which generates electricity
      2. Energy from wind and water sources
        1. A wind turbine is an electricity generator at the top of a narrow tower. The force of the wind drives the turbine’s blades around, turning a generator. The power generated increases as the wind speed increases
          1. We can also use waves to generate electricity, as well as hydroelectric power and tidal power
            1. With wave power, the waves cause a floating material attached to a generator to move up and down, moving the turbine delivering power to the grid system
              1. Hydroelectricity is water kept in reservoirs which flows downhill turning turbines at the foot of the hill, which generate electricity
                1. Tidal power involves barraging coastal water and releasing it through turbines
        2. Power from the sun and inside the earth
          1. Solar radiation transfers energy from the Sun, using solar cells, or by using the Sun’s radiation to heat water directly using solar heating panels
            1. Solar cells only generate <10% of the energy they absorb into electricity, and are expensive and require the right weather to use
              1. A solar heating panel heats water that flows through it
                1. Geothermal energy comes from energy released by radioactive substances deep within the Earth. The energy released by these radioactive substances heats the surrounding rock, and as a result, heat is transferred towards the Earth’s surface .
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