Religion and Community Cohesion

Multi-faith Society
1. Advantages
  1. Varied and rich cultural life
  2. Better understanding/tolerance of different viewpoints
  3. New ways of living (yoga, meditation)
2. Disadvantages
  1. Challenged about own faith
  2. Fear of being the minority (marginalised)
  3. Leads to beliefs and values ignored
  4. Issues: conversion (apostasy in punishable by death), raising children, interfaith marriages (validity according to church)
Religious Freedom
1. Authority Action
  1. 2006 Equality Act
  2. 1998 Human Rights Act
  3. 2006 Racial and Religious Hatred Act
  4. UK Inter Faith Network promoting links between faiths
  5. SACRE organisation concerning RS education in schools
2. Christian Views
  1. Evangelicals: exclusivist- only true Christians will enter Heaven "no one will come to the father except through me" (John 14)
  2. Roman Catholics: inclusivist- Christianity has the full truth so other faiths should be respected but encouraged to convert "God is unknown yet near" (Catechism)
  3. Quakers: pluralist- all religions lead to God "in my father's house there are many rooms" (John 14)
Multi-ethnic Society
1. Advantages
  1. Enables understanding of different faiths
  2. New people with fresh ideas
  3. Wider variety of music, food, clothes and culture
2. Disadvantages
  1. Racism towards immigrants in the public and work sector
  2. Steven Lawrence murder inquiry showed institutionalised racism in the Police Force
Racism
1. Christian Opposition
  1. "From one human being he created all the races on Earth" (Acts 17)
  2. Parable of the Good Samaritan & Parable of the Sheep and Goats
  3. Jesus spent time with Romans, Samarians and outcasts of society
  4. Martin Luther King Jr and Archbishop Desmond Tutu
  5. "God does not show favouritism, but accepts men from every nation" (Acts 10)
  6. 'Assist Sheffield' with St. Thomas Church provides accommodation, grants, assistance to asylum seekers unsupported by the Government
  7. Promoted by: same place worship, community social events, special international services, charities combatting racism
2. Authority Opposition
  1. Race Relations Act 1976
  2. Commission for Racial Equality
  3. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
  4. Amnesty International
  5. Helping those seeking asylum
Women
1. Changing Views
  1. Rights to vote: 1918 Representation of the People Act, 1928 Electoral Reform Act
  2. Equality in the workplace: 1970 Equal Pay Act, 1975 Sex Discrimination Act, 1975 Employment Protection Act
  3. Equal opportunities and choice: Contraceptive pill (1960s)
  4. 1900s: 15% married women worked
  5. 2000s: Men earn 17% more, women do majority of household chores and less are in executive roles
2. Christian Views
  1. Both sexes were created equally-Imago Dei
  2. Evangelical Protestants: "I [St Paul] do not permit a woman to teach or to have authority over a man; she must be silent" (1 Timothy 2)
  3. Church of England: Jesus treated women as equals- Mary Magdalene first witnessed Jesus after his ressurection
  4. "There is neither... male nor female for you are all one person in Christ" (Genesis 3)
  5. Roman Catholics: All Jesus' disciples (chosen to spread his word) were men
  6. Quakers: Priesthood of all believers without ordained clergy

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Religion and Community Cohesion

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