Particle Physics

What is the purpose of decay?
1. In order to make the atom/element more stable
A Feynman diagram shows the existence of particles through time
How do the values for mass number and atomic number change when a beta- particle is emitted?
1. The mass number stays the same and the atomic number increases by 1
A photon is a 'packet of energy' or a light particle. All electro-magnetic waves can be photons
What are the 2 'families' of particles and what are the similarities/differences?
1. The Hadrons and the Leptons. The leptons are fundamental particles, meaning that they are not made up of quarks. Hadrons are non-fundamental, meaning they are made up of quarks. Hadrons have 2 sub-groups: the Baryons and the Mesons. They can both be made of matter and anti-matter. They can also bot be affected by gravitational interaction and electromagnetic interaction
Name all the Leptons and Hadrons.
1. Hadrons: Mesons - Kaon and Pion, Baryons - Proton and Neutron
2. Leptons: Electron, Electron neutrino, Muon, Muon neutrino, Tau, Tau Neutrino
To check the conservation of a reaction, you can check: Lepton number, Baryon number, Charge
What are the 4 Fundamental forces?
1. Gravity, Electromagnetic Force, Strong Nuclear Force and Weak Nuclear Force
  1. What is the Strong Nuclear Force?
    1. The force that prevents the protons inside the nucleus from repelling each other and causing the atom to 'fall apart'. it is between 0.5 and 3 fm. It holds the protons and neuteons together.
  2. What is the Weak Nuclear Force?
    1. This is responsible for Beta- decay. It is mediated by W and Z bosons shown in Feynman Diagrams
What are the different flavours of quark?
1. Up - Down - Strange - Charm - Top - Bottom

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