Population

Population

Population distribution
1. The way in which people are spread across a given area
  1. Different scales
    1. Local
    2. Regional
    3. National
    4. Global
  2. Tends to be uneven
  3. Population density
    1. Average number of people per square kilometre
    2. Way of measuring population distribution
      1. Shows weather an area is densely or sparsely populated
    3. The population density of a country has little to do with its level of economic development
      1. Bangladesh = LEDC = densely populated
      2. Japan = MEDC = densely populated
      3. The majority of places with high population densitites are in the Northern hemisphere
        Areas of densely or sparsely population are spread unevenly across the world
    4. Factors affecting population density
      1. Attract
        Temperate climate
        Low lying land
        Fertile land
        Good supplies of natural resources
      2. Discourage
        Extreme climates
        Desert
        Mountainous areas
        Highland areas
        Dense vegetation
        Rainforest
      3. Socioeconomic factors
        Jobs
        High wages
      4. Political factors
        Civil war
Global population growth
1. Steady growth until the 1800's
  1. In 1820 the world's population reached 1 billion
    1. In the early 1970's the world's population reached 3 billion
      1. In 1999 the world's population doubled to 6 billion
        Global rate of population growth is now 1 billion every 15 years
2. Population Pyramids
  1. Show structure of population
    1. Compares relative numbers of people in different age groups
      1. Structures differ in LEDCs and MEDCs
3. Demographic transition models
  1. Shows population change over time
4. Causes of population change
  1. Natural causes
    1. Death
      1. Population will decline if death rate is higher than birth rate
    2. Birth
      1. The difference between the birth and death rates is called the natural increase
        Subtract death rate from birth rate
      2. Population will increase if birth rates are higher than death rates
        LEDCs have high growth rates
        Both birth rates and death rates tend to be high
  2. Migration

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