Korean War

Korean War

South Korea (Sungman Rhee)
1. Reason for getting involved
  1. control all Korea but not communist
2. Actions
  1. when attacked seeked help from US
  2. go to UN...get a UN army...90% of 300,000 troops from US
  3. led by general MacArthur...takes orders from US not UN
  4. Sept 1950 US/UN army lands behind NK lines
  5. Oct 1950 have pushed NK back behind 38th parrell
3. Consequences
  1. 415,000 killed & 429,000 wounded
North Korea
1. Reason for getting involved
  1. make Korea communist
2. Actions
  1. invades SK June 1950
3. Consequences
  1. 1.5 million Chinese/NK dead
USA (Truman/Eisenhower)
1. Reasons for getting involved
  1. Truman Doctorin & policy of containment
  2. China communist 1949
  3. USSR atomic bomb & treaty of friendship with China
  4. Domino Theory - Asia
  5. Pressure at home - McCartyism
  6. Korea divided...north korea - communist
  7. june 1950 - NK invades SK...US saw this as attempt to spread communism in Asia...had to stop
2. Actions
  1. used UN which was boycotted by the USSR
  2. 15 countries contributed soldiers to UN army but 90% of 300,000 were americans
  3. almost all weapons provided by US
  4. pursuing more ambitious policy of 'Roll back'
  5. captured Pyongyang (capital of NK
3. Consequences
  1. 54,000 killed & 105,000 wounded
UN (General MacArthur)
China (Mao Ze Dong)
1. Reasons for getting involved
  1. treaty of friendship with USSR...USSR encouraged China to stand upto USA
  2. alarmed at action of US/UN in Nov 1950...feared they were about to be involved...needed to prevent this.
2. Actions
  1. didnt want to risk war against US...but determined to resist invasion
  2. Oct 1950 250,000 chinese troops aka 'volunteers' into NK...pushed US back to SK...recaptured SK capital Seoul
  3. MacArthur sacked...Truman abandoned risky strategy of 'Roll Back' for Containment
  4. 1951 stalemate
  5. US heavy bombing raids NK...destroy Pyongyang..high civilian casulties
    1. continued untill armistice signed 1953
  6. saw as self defense
3. Consequences
  1. Results
    1. lost 500,000 to war (costly)
    2. had saved NK from 'Roll Back'..increased their rep as leading communist power in Asia
    3. NK remained communist which gave China protection from US
  2. 1.5 million Chinese/NK dead
USSR (Stalin)
1. Reasons for getting involved
  1. benefit from spreading communism
  2. reluctant to support NK fear of direct conflict with US
  3. were boycotting UN...couldn't veto US plan to spend in a UN force to korea to help SK
2. Actions
  1. aerial battles with US/UN air force
    1. USSR planes with chinese markings/pilots in chinese uniforms

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