8086771
Beschreibung
Mindmap von Alix Woodhead, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Alix Woodhead
vor mehr als 7 Jahre
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Issues/Debates
- Gender bias
- Alpha:
Exaggerates
difference
- Beta:
minimises
difference
- Androcentrism:
Male
centred
- Androcentrism:
Male
centred
- Universality:
generalise to
everyone
- Alpha:
Exaggerates
difference
- Culture bias
- Cultural relativism: only relevant to certain culture
- AINSWORTH:
Strange
situation =
- Attachment =
separation
anxiety
- Only
applies to
America =
issues for
German
mothers
- Imposed etic: generalises own
cultures norms to everyone
- Attachment =
separation
anxiety
- Ethnocentrism: judge
other cultures by
standards of own
- Cultural relativism: only relevant to certain culture
- Free will/Determinism
- Free will: make
choices
- Determinism
- Hard: free will's impossible =
Biological approach
- Soft: Everything has a cause - but
can be caused by conscious choices
= Cognitive aprroach
- Soft: Everything has a cause - but
can be caused by conscious choices
= Cognitive aprroach
- Environmental: Caused by things in
environment we cant control = genes,
hormones = SKINNER = conditioning
- Psychic: unconscious
conflicts = FREUD =
psychodynamic
approach
- Biological approach:
biological influences =
genes, hormones =
biological apporach
- Hard: free will's impossible =
Biological approach
- Free will: make
choices
- Nature/Nurture
- Nurture:
environment
- Empiricists: Mind is a blank
slate
- LERNER: diff
levels of
environment =
pre-natal,
post-natal
- LERNER: diff
levels of
environment =
pre-natal,
post-natal
- Empiricists: Mind is a blank
slate
- Nature: biological
- Natavists:
innate
characteristics =
heredity
- Heritability coefficient: access heredity
= numerical between 0-1 = IQ is 0.5
- Heritability coefficient: access heredity
= numerical between 0-1 = IQ is 0.5
- Natavists:
innate
characteristics =
heredity
- Diathesis stress model: biological
vulnerability along with trigger (bio/psycho)
- Interactionist: nature creates
nurture
- Epigenics: change genetic activity
without changing genetic code = E.g.
dieting
- DIAS & RESSLER: 3rd element: experiences of past generations
- DIAS & RESSLER: 3rd element: experiences of past generations
- Nurture:
environment
- Reductionism/Holism
- reductionism: break
down into individual
parts
- Biological: explains phenomena
through genes/hormones
- Environmental: stimulus-response learned
through experiences
- Biological: explains phenomena
through genes/hormones
- Holism: Look at things all together
- E.g. OCD = understood at socio-cultural level,
psychological level, physical level, physiological
level = reductionism = holism is all as a whole
- reductionism: break
down into individual
parts
- Ideographic/nomothetic
- ideographic = greek
word idos meaning
private = looks at
individuals rather than
trying to make
generalisations
- Qualitative data = case studies,
interviews, self report
- E.g. Psychodynamic approach
= FREUD = case studies when
detailing lives of patients
- Qualitative data = case studies,
interviews, self report
- Nomothetic = greek word
nomos meaning law =
makes general principles
and universal laws
- Makes bench mark to compare against
- Quantative data = lab experiments, blood tests,
brain scans
- E.g. behaviourist approach = SKINNER = studies
response of groups of animals to make laws of learning
- Makes bench mark to compare against
- ideographic = greek
word idos meaning
private = looks at
individuals rather than
trying to make
generalisations
- Ethical issues
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