Plato

Plato

biography
1. student of Socrates
2. founder of the Academy of Greece
  1. pupil Aristotle
approach to philosophy
1. to seek the ultimate truth
  1. not to be found in this everyday world
2. things in constant motion are either moving towards perfection or away
  1. therefore the universe is perfect as its always changing
3. the forms
  1. where the truth is found
  2. everthing is perfect in the land of the forms
    1. this world is a shadow of The forms
The analogy of the cave
1. 1) chained up prisoners that have been trapped in a cave their hole life
2. 2) Then one day one of the prisoners is released and at first is blinded by the light
3. 3) He then realises that behind the prisoners is a fire and a between them and the fire is a path.
4. 4) In which jailors walk along with objects that create a shadow on the wall
5. 5) know to the prisoners this is there reality and every object the say is at its truest form to them as they know now difference
6. 6) the freed prisoner then continued to the outside the cave and experiences the warmth of the sun for the first time and wants to share this with the others
7. 7) when telling the others the truth they do not believe him, and tell him to shut up. And is persistence annoys them so much they begin to throw rocks and eventually kills him
so what does the analogy mean?
1. the cave
  1. the cave represents the world of the shadows
  2. Plato believes we live in the world of the forms brought on by time and space and our task as humans is took look beyond the shadows
  3. the bound men in the cave only see the shadows and assume that they are the real things. our ordinary experiences is no more than shadows
  4. the cave represents the delusion of supposed reality, the blindness of misunderstanding
2. the objects
  1. the animals and the flowers that the man sees outside the cave represents the ideal form of the things- the perfect flower
  2. Humans can find out the truth using our reason
  3. when man is educated with the forms he must then return and educate others
3. The sun
  1. the sun stands for the form of God, which is the highest of all forms
  2. the light blinds the man but he knows he is there
strengths & weaknesses
1. weaknesses
  1. reason is superior to senses
  2. Plato places little value or worth on the sensory experience
  3. Plato has a negative image of the body and the sensory world
  4. not really realistic are there forms of everything like bus tickets...
2. strengths
  1. recognised that humans are very materialistic
  2. humans sense of perceptions are important for gaining some knowledge but that these senses can be unreliable
  3. Human person is body, soul and well-balanced person uses all aspects of self

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