Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Regulatory T cells
- Metabolic disruption
- IL-2 deprevation
- Due to high
expression of
CD25
- suppress both IL-2 mRNA and protein production by Teff
- cAMP
- formed in Tregs
and diffuses through
gap junctions
- Potent inhib 2nd
messenger of Teff
- Ectoenzymes -
CD39 & CD73
- Degrade ATP
- ↑ adenosine (intra
and extracellular)
- A2A rec on Teff ∴
immunospression
- ↑ iTreg via reduction of IL-6 and increase of TGFb
- Promotes toleregenic
phenotype of DC (Ernst)
- Diagolo 2007
- High
expression
HO-1
- Heam
degradation ∴
suppresive CO
- byung Min 2005
- HO-1 inhbits IL-2 production in Teff
- HO-1 KO results in Th1 shift
- induced by Foxp3
- Galectin-10
- Enter text here
- Cytolysis
- Granzyme A/B
- Serine proteases cleave
and activate caspases
- apoptosis of Teff
- Teff that over express the
GB inhibitor SPI6 are
resistant to Treg
suppression (Noelle)
- TRAIL-DR5
mediated apoptosis
- Galectin-1 upreg in
hu & mu Tregs
- Dendritic Cells
- ↓ maturation via LAG3
- ITAM mediated inhib signalling
via FcyRy. ERK mediated
SHP1 recruitment
- Silencing of signal transduction
- ↓ Teff activation
- CD4 homologue, bings w/ high aff to MHC II
- Tregs may also express MHCII to bind with LAG3/CD4 on Teff in order to supress
activation
- Baecher Allen 2006
- CTLA4
- Interaction
w/ CD80/86
- IDO induction in DC
- Degrades tryptophan
- Essential for Tc growth and survival
- Release of pro-apoptopic metabolites
- Restricts CD28 binding
- Co-stim required
for Tc activation
(w/ TCR)
- Teff ligand sequestration
- Endocysis of whole
complex by Tregs
- ↓ APC ligands ∴
stimulatory capacity
- ↑ TGFb transcription
- intravital microscopy
shows direct interactions
- neuropilin-1 - promotes
prolonged DC/Treg interactions
- preferncial binding of
Tregs over Teff
- Cytokines
- IL-10
- Signal for iTregs
- TGFb
- autocrine signalling for survival
- Direct suppression of Teff
- TGFb resistant Teff
cannot be controlled
by Tregs in IBD mouse
models
- Membrane tethered TGFb - controls
CD8 infiltration to pancreatic ilets
- Supresses Bc IgG
production
- Nakamura 2001
- suppresed NK cells via NKG2D
- soluable
- IL-35
- Heterodimeric
protein preferentially
expressed in Tregs
- Collison 2007
- IL-9
- recruits & activates
mast cells
- essential regulatory
mediators in
allograft tolerance