Zusammenfassung der Ressource
Britain & the 13 Colonies
- 13 Colonies
- New England
- New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Connecticut
Rhode Island
- 80% English origin
- Timber sea product exported
- Rhode Island
religious haven
- Mid-Atlantic
- New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware
- Many Dutch in NYC and NJ
- Germans in Pennsylvania
- Fertile land in Philadelphia
& NY
- Quakers influential in
Pennsylvania
- South
- Maryland
Virginia
N & SCarolina
Georgia
- 89% Black Africans
- 1/4 white were literate
- Slave labour KEY
- Cash crops cotton,
sugar, tobacco
- Maryland refuge for
Roman Catholics
- Relations Between Colonies and Britain
- Salutary Neglect 1720-1748
- gradual more power
to colonial
assemblies
- powerful men didn't like
- gave
colonies
bit more
control
- Merchantilism
- colonies to be
sources of raw
materials
- colonies
forbidden to use
their own coinage
- Navigation Act 1660
- restriction on foreign shipping
- foreign goods
only in English
ships
- goods had to go
through England or
wales first to be
inspected and pay
duties
- as a result N
Americas economic
growth doubled
- were guaranteed a market
- Irritants in the Colonies
- Impressment
- getting men drunk then
making them join the
navy
- 1747 Boston
riot against
press gangs
- Archbishop Secker
- He wanted to send Bishops to colonies
- colonists would be
taxed to support the
Bishops
- Died out when
Secker died
- 7 Year War
- Colonies (led by Washington) & British VS
French and Spanish Troops
- washington learned
his military skills in this
war
- colonial merchants violated Navigation act
- traded with
French and
Spanish
- When George III came king he wanted peace
- got rid of Pitt the elder as PM
- He wanted to
extend war to
Spain
- 1763- signed the first
Treaty of Paris
- Pitt injected money and troops
- Treaty Of Paris
- Britain
gained
massive
national
debt
- 1763- £122,603,336
- Sugar Act 1764
- Put inplace to
reduce
national debt
- ACTS
- Stamp Act 1765
- would effect everyone
in America
- Internal tax
- Tax
would
have to
be payed
for a
stamp on
on any
paper
goods
- cards, legal
documents,
newspapers
pamphlets etc
- didn't go ahead
- protest of "no
taxation without
representation"
- Sons of Liberty
hung effigies of
stamp collectors
to scare them off
- sons of Liberty formed as an action committee
- boycott on
European goods
by merchants in
New York until
stamp act was
repealed
- Repealed in 1766
- embarrassment
for Britain
- Declaratory Act
put in place so
that parliament
had full control
over the
colonies
- Quartering
- soldiers could stay in
the colonies paid by the
colonists
- Townshend Act 1767
- taxed
papers, glass,
tea, lead
- External tax- be collected at ports
- paid for governors & officials
- started
non-importation
boycotting on
British goods
- was repealed but kept tea tax
- Boston Massacre 1770
- extra British regiments sent to Boston to protect American Custom
Boards
- bostonians didn't like them there
- found
them
brutal,
thought
gangs
baited
soldiers in
the streets
- angry mob closed in
on a group and they
opened fired
- 3 died 6 wounded
- first bloodshed
- colonist
exaggerated it
"massacre"
propaganda
- Boston Tea Party 1773
- Britain supported East
Indian Company by
shifting tea to colonies
- colonies
forced sold
so cheap
- boarded ship dressed
as Mohawk Indians,
dumped 342 chests of
tea in harbour
- Boston port shut down until tea lost was paid for
- Boston Port Act