Zusammenfassung der Ressource
What new philosophical and scientific ideas emerged from 1625-88?
- philosophy
- Thomas Hobbes
- Leviathan
- defended absolute sovereignity
- social contract
- people agree to surrender some of their rights to strong ruler in return for protection
- John Locke
- empiricism
- understanding is acquired through experience and observation
- liberalism
- people born free/equal, have basic human rights (life/liberty/property
- people should overthrow gov if it breaks social contract by undermining these rights
- science
- Francis Bacon
- founder of scientific method (observation/measurement/experiment)
- replaced superstition/magical thinking w/ scientific rationalism
- ideas applied to philosophy (by Locke) religious toleration/history
- Isaac Newton
- mathematician/astronomer/physicist who discovered gravity
- built on ideas of earlier astronomers Copernicus/Galileo/Kepler
- president of Royal Society 1703-27