2.7 DNA Replication, Transcription and Translation

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DP IB Biology (02 Molecular Biology) Mindmap am 2.7 DNA Replication, Transcription and Translation, erstellt von Steve Harton am 16/05/2014.
Steve Harton
Mindmap von Steve Harton, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
Steve Harton
Erstellt von Steve Harton vor mehr als 10 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

2.7 DNA Replication, Transcription and Translation
  1. DNA Replication
    1. Nature of Science
      1. Evidence for scientific theories
        1. Meselson and Stahl
          1. Semi-conservative replication of DNA
            1. Complementary base pairing
              1. Helicase
                1. Unwinds the double helix and separates the two strands by breaking H bonds
                2. DNA Polymerase
                  1. Links nucleotides together to form a new strand, using pre-existing strand as a template
          2. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
            1. Use of Taq DNA polymerase to produce multiple copies of DNA rapidly
          3. Transcription
            1. Synthesis of mRNA copied from the DNA base sequences by RNA polymerase
            2. Translation
              1. Synthesis of polypetides on ribosomes
                1. The amino acids sequence of polypeptides is determined by mRNA according to the genetic code
                  1. Codons of three bases on mRNA correspond to one amino acid in a polypeptide
                    1. Translation depends on complementary base pairing between codons on mRNA and anticodons on tRNA
                      1. Use a table of the genetic code to deduce which codon corresponds to which amino acid
                        1. Deducing the DNA base sequence for the mRNA strand
                2. Aim 8
                  1. Ethical implications in altering the genome of an organism in order to produce proteins for medical use in humans
                    1. Production of human insulin in bacteria as an example of the universal versatility of the genetic code allowing gene transfer between species
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