B1 | Mindmap

Cell Structure
1. Total magnification = magnification of eyepiece/ magnification of object
2. magnification of image = size of image/ size of object
3. Highest magnification with light microscope - x1500
4. nucleus
  1. contains DNA
  2. controls activities of the cell
5. cell membrane
  1. has receptor molecules
  2. controls what goes in and out of the cell
6. millimeter = 10^-3m micrometer = 10^-6m nanometer = 10^-9m
7. eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
  1. plant cell
  2. animal cell
8. prokaryotic cells don't have a nucleus
  1. Bacteria
9. Transmission electron microscope
  1. uses electron beam instead of light rays
  2. x1 000 000
10. Scanning electron microscope
  1. bounces electrons off a surface with an ultra thin coating of heavy metal
  2. only black and white
  3. 3D
What happens in cells
1. DNA
  1. Double helix structure
  2. polymer made up of nucleotides
    1. Deoxyribose + phosphate + base
  3. Adenine - A Thymine - T Cytosine - C Guanine - G
  4. A + T C+G
2. Protein
  1. Genes have the code for protein
  2. Proteins made from amino acids
  3. DNA unzips to act as a template for mRNA
    1. mRNA leaves nucleus and attaches to ribosome
      1. carrier molecule ferries in an amino acid
        Second one comes startes protein chain
  4. The sequence decides which protein it is
3. Enzymes are biological catlysts
  1. large protein molecule
  2. active sites attach to the substrate
  3. break down large molecule
  4. build larger molecules from smaller ones
  5. change one molecule into another
  6. lock and key
  7. if the shape of the active site changes the enzyme is denatured.
  8. pH
  9. Temperature
  10. substrate concentration
  11. enzyme concentration
Respiration
1. Organisms need energy to
  1. drive chemical reaction
  2. for movement
  3. maintain body temperature
  4. cell division
  5. active transport
  6. transmit nerve impulses
2. exothermic
3. adenosine triphosphate - ATP
  1. energy
  2. 38
  3. 2
4. anaerobic used in fermention
5. glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water
6. glucose = ethanol + carbon dioxide
7. glucose = lactic acid
8. carbohydrases
  1. amylase
  2. mouth, small intestine
9. protease
  1. stomach
  2. pancreas
10. lipase
  1. small intestine
Photosynthesis
1. Scientists
  1. 1660 Jan Baptist van Helmont
    1. mass increase wasn't just minerals
  2. 1771 Joseph Priestly
    1. plants release oxygen
2. carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen
3. endothermic
4. light + chlorophyll
5. carbon dioxide and oxygen diffuse through leaves
6. the thing that makes the graph turn flat is called the limiting factor
7. Things that can change the rate of photosynthesis
  1. light intensity
  2. water levels
  3. carbon dioxide concentration
  4. temperature

Medienanhänge

12554624301737124769 Average Prokaryote Cell.Svg.Hi (image/png)

Nächster

B1

Beschreibung

Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Medienanhänge

ähnlicher Inhalt

	Erstellt von Sachi Sahi vor mehr als 7 Jahre