Input and Output Devices

Input DevicesIn computing, an input device is a peripheral (piece ofcomputer hardware equipment) used to provide data and control signals to an information processing systemsuch as a computer or other information appliance. Examples of input devices include keyboards, mice,scanners, digital cameras and joysticks.Many input devices can be classified according to: modality of input (e.g. mechanical motion, audio, visual, etc.) the input is discrete (e.g. key presses) or continuous (e.g. a mouse's position, though digitized into a discrete quantity, is fast enough to be considered continuous) the number of degrees of freedom involved (e.g. two-dimensional traditional mice, or three-dimensional navigators designed for CAD applications) Keyboards A 'keyboard' is a human interface device which is represented as a layout of buttons. Each button, or key, can be used to either input a linguistic character to a computer, or to call upon a particular function of the computer. They act as the main text entry interface for most users. Traditional keyboards use spring-based buttons, though newer variations employ virtual keys, or even projected keyboards. It is typewriter like device composed of a matrix of switches.Examples of types of keyboards include: Keyer Keyboard Lighted Program Function Keyboard (LPFK) Mouse Mouse is most popular pointing device. It is a very famous cursor-control device having a small palm size box with a round ball at its base which senses the movement of mouse and sends corresponding signals to CPU when the mouse buttons are pressed.Generally it has two buttons called left and right button and a wheel is present between the buttons. Mouse can be used to control the position of cursor on screen, but it cannot be used to enter text into the computer. Joystick Joystick is also a pointing device which is used to move cursor position on a monitor screen. It is a stick having a spherical ball at its both lower and upper ends. The lower spherical ball moves in a socket. The joystick can be moved in all four directions.The function of joystick is similar to that of a mouse. It is mainly used in Computer Aided Designing(CAD) and playing computer games. Scanner Scanner is an input device which works more like a photocopy machine. It is used when some information is available on a paper and it is to be transferred to the hard disc of the computer for further manipulation. Scanner captures images from the source which are then converted into the digital form that can be stored on the disc. These images can be edited before they are printed.

Output DevicesAny device that outputs information from a computer is called, not surprisingly, an output device. Since most information from a computer is output in either a visual or auditory format, the most common output devices are the monitor and speakers. These two devices provide instant feedback to the user's input, such as displaying characters as they are typed or playing a song selected from a playlist. Monitor Alternatively referred to as a video display terminal (VDT) and video display unit (VDU), amonitor encompasses a display screen for video images and casing that holds it. In its most common usage, monitor refers only to devices that contain no electronic equipment other than what is essentially needed to display and adjust the characteristics of an image. Speaker A hardware device connected to a computer's sound cardthat outputs sound generated by the computer. The picture shows the Altec Lansing VS2221 speakers with subwooferand resemble what most computer speakers look like today. Printer A printer is an external hardware device responsible for taking computer data and generating a hard copy of that data. Printers are one of the most used peripherals on computers and are commonly used to print text, images, and photos. The picture is the Lexmark Z605 Inkjet, an example of a computer printer. Plotter A plotter is a computer hardware device much like a printer that is used for printing vector graphics. Instead of the traditional toner, plotters use a pen, pencil, marker, or other writing tool to draw a design onto paper. Though once widely used for computer-aided design, these devices have more or less been phased about by wide-format printers. Plotters are used to produce a hard copy of schematics and other similar applications.