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Temperature and heat are not the same thing:
temperature is a measure of how hot something is
heat is a measure of the thermal energy contained in an object.
Temperature is measured in °C, and heat is measured in J. When heat energy is transferred to an object, its temperature increase depends upon the:
the mass of the object the substance the object is made from the amount of energy transferred to the object
For a particular object, the more heat energy transferred to it, the greater its temperature increase.
The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of 1 kg of the substance by 1°C. Different substances have different specific heat capacities.
water has a heat capacity of 4181 j / kg °C whereas oxygen has 918
E = m × c × θ is the equation needed to workout specific heat capacity
E is the energy transferred in joules, J m is the mass of the substances in kg c is the specific heat capacity in J / kg °C θ (‘theta’) is the temperature change in degrees Celsius, °C
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