Elements,Compounds and Mixtures Notes

Introduction of ECM

-A pure substance is made up of either one type of element or one type of compound-A mixture is made up of more than one type of element,more than one type of compound or a combination of elements and/or compounds

Elements

What are elements?-All matter are made of elements-Elements are the basic building blocks of living things and non-living things-Definition of elements:An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into 2 or more simpler substances by chemical methods-Only elements are found in the periodic table

Elements

Classification of elementsBy states-Solidse.g:gold,carbon,calcium-Liquidse.g:mercury and bromine ONLY-Gasese.g:oxygen,chlorine,nitrogenAs metals or non-metals-Metalse.g:mercury,iron-Non-metalse.g:boron,helium

Elements

Classification of elementsAs metals or non-metalsProperties of metals Properties of non metalsShiny DullGood conductor of heat and electricity Poor conductor of heat and electricityCorrode easily Does not corrodeMalleable(can be beaten into shapes) Not malleableDuctile(can be pulled into shapes) Not ductile

Compounds

-Definition of compounds:A compound is a substance made up of 2 or more elements chemically joined together.Examples of compounds-Salt[sodium+chlorine]-Water[hydrogen+oxygen]-Sugar[carbon+hydrogen+oxygen]-Nitrogen dioxide[nitrogen+oxygen]

Mixtures

-Definition of mixtures:A mixture consists of 2 or more substances(elements and/or compounds) that are not chemically combined together.-Alloys are a mixture of metals and sometimes non-metals.They are stronger than pure metals as pure metals are very soft and weak.Alloys have similar chemical properties as their constituent elements but they have different physical properties.

The Periodic Table

-Groups:Vertical-Period:Horizontal-The zigzag line divides the elements on its left as metals and elements on its right as non-metals