Hear failure is the inability of the _____ to pump sufficient amounts of blood and oxygen to meet the ___________.

T/F: Patient with HF may have SOB when at rest, exertion, or lying flat.

Why might HF also be considered a pulmonary disorder?

What are the Classifications of HF?

T/F: A patient without SOB is not having HF.

When the patient is having compensated HF, he/she is most likely in class ______.

Which of the following are NOT triggers of HF?
1) increased intake of fluid/ salt
2) fever
3) infections
4) anemia
5) blockage of coronary artery
6) irregular heartbeats
7) hyperthyroidism
8) kidney disease

Which medical tests are suggested for HF?

What is chest x-ray looking at?

Which lab values are indicators of oxygen transport?

Which lab values look at the blood volume/ hydration?

Which lab value looks at infection?

Which lab value looks at viscosity of blood?

Which lab value is the most important diagnostic value of CHF?

Normal BNP level should be around ___. The higher it is, the ______ the HF.

Why does the renal system start to retain water when CO is not enough?

Why is water retention a viscious cycle for cardiac patients?

Which two lab values indicate increased water retension?

How long does Troponin level peak after myocardial necrosis?

For the patient to be stable, they should have no new ___________ or _____________ in the past 8 hours.

For the patient to be stable, they should not have _______ and ______ at rest.

For the patient to be stable, they should NOT have bilateral crackles more than _____ of the lung.

For the patient to be stable, their RR should be at ____/min, with CO/mass at ________, and CVP at ______ mmHg.

Principles of CVP examination are:

If the patient has bilateral JVD, he/she is likely having ___

If the pitting edema lasts for <30-40 sec, the patient likely has _______. If it lasts >1min, he/she likely has ________.

Grades of pitting edema.

Normal respiratory rates in different age goups:

Tracheal sound is heard over the _______ while the bronchovesicular sound is heard over the _______. The vesicular sound is the normal breathing sound for general lung areas. A pathology is suggested by _____ sound.

Locate the aortic area for auscutation.

Locate the pulmonic area for auscultation.

Locate the optimal place to hear the tricuspid valve.

Locate the optimal place to hear the bicuspid/mitral valve

T/F: CHF is often assumed to be a disease when it, in fact, is a syndrome caused by multiple disorders.

The causative factors of HF are _____ and ________.